THE IMPACT OF MICRO CLIMATE ON INDUCTION AND FLOWERING IN SIAM ORANGE PLANT (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa. L)
Ni Putu Anom Sulistiawati, Ni Komang Alit Astiari. I.Nengah Suaria

warmadewa University

Abstract

About 80% of oranges in Indonesia are Siam orangrs (Citrus nobilis var, microcarpa. L)
Constraints that can affect the occurrence of induction and flowering development of Siamese
citrus plants are endogenous and exogenous factors of plants. Exogenous factors include microclimate. Micro climate is the climate in a specific region in a wider area Microclimate can be influenced by various factors such as the slope of a plain, wind speed, humidity, irrigation, etc. The Siam orange plant can grow and be cultivated in the lowlands to the highlands (0 to 1500 masl), but optimal below 1000 Micro climate especially RH. the extreme is one of the factors that can determine the occurrence of physiological processes flowering of Siamese citrus plants. Siam oranges require 6-9 wet months (rainy season) and 3-6 dry months (dry) and need enough water especially in July-August (dry season). The purpose of this studywas to study and identify micro climates with high rainfall on the phenology of flowering and fruiting), productivity and quality of Siamese in Badung, Bangli and Gianyar. The assessment method was observed in citrus centers with a plant age of 4 to 11 years from 2014 to August 2018. The results showed high rainfall occurring throughout 2014 (the dry season did not occur), a flowering phenology disorder that had occurred before the Siamese citrus plants flowered 1 to 3 times a year to 4 to 6 times a year. The number of flowering periods is not supported by the number of flowers formed because the flower miscarried before the fruit-set formed, high deciduous flowers supported by the large number of leaves formed at the location of the garden whose height is less than 1000 meters above sea level (masl). Location of citrus orchards which applies an integrated management system to. New potentials are obtained for the cultivation of Siam oranges, namely dry land/dry fields and sandy soil which were originally planted in paddy fields.

Keywords: Fruit-set, induction, phenology, rainfall, Siam orange

Topic: Environmental Engineering