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TOXICITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM ORANGE (Citrus sinesis L. obbeck) AND LEMONGRASS (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) ON Aedes aegypti A VECTOR OF DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER (DHF) 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University, Bandung 40614, Indonesia Abstract Aedes aegypti mosquito is one of common vector for the pathogens of different diseases like dengue hemmorrhagic fever. Most common approach to vector-borne disease is by chemical control, mostly through the use of insecticides. As compared to synthetic pesticides, essential oils (EOs) are ecologically safe, have no mammalian toxicity or the chances of development of resistance are reasonable and highly popular with the organic growers. Essential oil from orange (Citrus sinesis obbeck l) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) known to contain citronellal, geraniol and citronellol. Citronellal compound acts as an insecticide ingredient that works as an antifeedant and repellent. Orange and lemongrass cleaned and cut into small pieces, dried and then blended to obtain crude drug samples. Samples distilled with Stahl distillation method for 4 hours. Furthermore, terpenoids phytochemical test and test against larvae of Aedes aegypti larvicides to obtain the LC50 value. The yield of essential oil of orange (Citrus sinensis L Obbeck) obtained is 6.84%, while the essential oils of lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) was 0.96%. In the phytochemical test essential oils either of orange peel and lemongrass showed terpenoids. Essential oil from orange and lemongrass are toxic, with LC50 values obtained from lemongrass 97.72 ppm is smaller than the orange is 790.935 ppm. The essential oil of lemongrass more toxic than the essential oil of orange. Keywords: orange (Citrus sinesis L Obbeck), lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle), Test larvicidal effects, larvae of Aedes aegypti, Lethal Concentration (LC50). Topic: Chemistry |
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