Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of Garcinia daedalanthera Pierre
Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati(a), Berna Elya(b)*, Yesi Desmiaty(c), Islamudin Ahmad(d)

a) Department of Cosmetology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, Pulogadung, Jakarta Timur, DKI Jakarta, 13200, Indonesia
b) Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424 West Java, Indonesia
c) Department of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta, 12640, Indonesia.
d) Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Abstract

Background. The tyrosinase enzyme catalyzes the first stage in two reactions in the synthesis of melanin (the hydroxylation of l-tyrosinase becomes 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l- DOPA) and oxidation from L-dopa to dopaquinone). Hyperpigmentation in human skin is a general phenomenon that is not desirable. Researchers were encouraged to identify potential new tyrosinase inhibitors for cosmetics, especially anti-hyperpigmentation. Purpose. This study purposed to determine the inhibitory activity of the tyrosinase enzyme from Garcinia daedalanthera Pierre leaves. Methods. The extract was obtained by maceration successively method. The anti-tyrosinase assay using the spectrophotometric method at 490 nm. The enzyme used tyrosinase from mushrooms lyophilized powder (Sigma), and the substrate used 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, L-DOPA (Sigma). Results. The tyrosinase inhibitory assay results of 100 ppm (triplicate) showed the leaves extract, including ethyl acetate extract of 33.42 ± 5.98 %, hexane extract was 50.67 ± 0.47 %, and methanol extract of 50.68 ± 1.87 %, respectively. Moreover, the stem bark has activity as follows methanol extract of 43.76 ± 1.41 % and the ethyl acetate extract of 55.71 ± 2.80 %. Percentage inhibition of the positive control (kojic acid) was 65.07 ± 0.03 % at 100 ppm.

Keywords: antityrosinase, Garcinia daedalanthera Pierre, leaves, stem bark, successively maceration

Topic: Chemistry