INCIDENCE OF DIARRHEA AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS WITH OPEN DEFECATION IN JAVA – BALI PROVINCE
Ika Dharmayanti, Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini

National Institute of Health Research and Development,
Ministry of Health

Abstract

Background: Open defecation behavior is still becoming a problem in Indonesia. In several regions, people had a habit to defecate in rivers, stream or other open areas that can contaminate environments. One of the targets in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the environmental sector is to ensure that people achieve universal access to clean water and sanitation. Open defecation free (ODF) is one of the most important targets related to healthy sanitation, especially access to healthy latrines and clean water. By achieving ODF, it is expected that will break the transmission chain of infectious diseases (especially diarrhea). This study aimed to discover the open defecation behavior as well as to analyze factors that influence diarrhea in Java-Bali province.

Subject and method: This was a descriptive research design with a cross-sectional approach. Independent variables were education, economic status, residential area, open defecation behavior, sanitation and drinking water facilities in the household. The dependent variable was the occurrence of diarrhea. This research was analyzed using SPSS 15 with logistic regression.

Results: Low education (OR = 1.39; 95%CI: 1.263 to 1.533; P<0.001), low economic status (OR = 1.08; 95%CI: 1.01 to 1.15; P<0.05), open defecation behavior (OR = 1.29; 95%CI: 1.20 to 1.9; P<0.001), household sanitation and drinking facilities (OR = 1.07; 95%CI: 1.02 to 1.13; P<0.05) has a significant relationship with the occurrence of diarrhea.

Conclusion: This study recommended that in addition in increasing people’s knowledge, the availability of improved sanitation and clean water were very essential to achieve open defecation free. It is also important to increase public awareness about the importance to defecate in a healthy latrine to avoid the disease.

Keywords: open defecation, healthy sanitation, diarrhea

Topic: Environmental Engineering