Toxic Effect of Lead (Pb) Exposure on Hatching Rate and Larvae Abnormalities of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
I Zulfahmi (a), R Nurlian (b), A Sardi (a), E Paujiah (c*), M Muliari (d), Y Akmal (d), R Humairani (d), Maratus Salikho (b)

UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Abstract

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one species of fish that is potentially exposed to pollutants, including lead (Pb). However, the impact of lead exposure on hatching rate and larvae abnormalities of Nile tilapia is still not investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the toxic effect of lead exposure on hacthing rate and larvae abnormalities of Nile tilapia. A total of 2400 fertilized eggs of Nile tilapia was distributed to control and 3 treatment group (0.21, 0,42 and 0.63 mg/L PbCl2) with triplicate. The exposure period lasts for ten days. Cumulative hatching rate, survival rate, malformation rate, heart rate, body length, total lead content and deformities of larvae were analyzed. The results showed that increasing lead concentration significantly increased malformation rate, heart rate, and total lead content in Nile tilapia larvae. The highest malformation rate, heart rate and total lead content observed in treatment C were 3.4%, 115.6 beats/minute and 4.80 mgPb/kg, respectively. Furthermore, Exposed to lead also affect several deformities of Nile tilapia larvae including lordosis, kyphosis, and curved tail. Otherwise, exposed to lead up to concentration 0.63 mg/L PbCl2 have no significant effect on cumulative hatching rate, survival rate and body length in Nile tilapia.

Keywords: Hatching, Larvae, Lead, Tilapia, Toxic

Topic: Environmental Engineering