Estimation of 3D hydraulic conductivity distribution of unconfined aquifer using the geostatistical method and its relation to water quality and flooding in Upper Citarum River A Arifin (a*,b), A M Ramdhan (a,b), R Suwarman (a,c), D E Irawan (a,b), L M Hutasoit (a,b), and D J Puradimaja (a,b)
a) Groundwater Engineering Department, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, Indonesia
*arifin[at]s.itb.ac.id
b) Applied Geology Research Group, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, Indonesia
c) Atmospheric Science Research Group, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, Indonesia
Abstract
Water contamination and flooding are two main problems that occur in the Upper Citarum River. The analysis of the 3D distribution of hydraulic conductivity in the unconfined aquifer is important to understand the interaction between groundwater and Citarum River, which may relate to the water contamination and flooding. We used the field data of the hydraulic conductivity parameter from thirteen large-diameter dug wells using the slug test method, and groundwater and Citarum River physical parameter, i.e. total dissolved solids, pH, and temperature. The hydraulic conductivity of the unconfined aquifer in the Upper Citarum River ranges from 8.34 x 10-7 to 2.19 x 10-5 m/s. The results indicate that areas with relatively high hydraulic conductivity, i.e. Ciparay and Solokan Jeruk Sub-districts, will have a greater possibility of groundwater or river water contamination depending on their interaction. Meanwhile, the area with almost flat topography and relatively low hydraulic conductivity, i.e. Majalaya and Baleendah Sub-districts, will be more susceptible to flood. Therefore, the solution or mitigation of the problems should consider the 3D hydraulic conductivity distribution, e.g. by installing some automatic water quality recorder in some dug wells with high hydraulic conductivity and installing recharge well to eliminate the artificial runoff.
Keywords: 3D hydraulic conductivity distribution; flood; large-diameter dug well; water contamination
