CONTENT OF ASCORBIC ACID AND CAROTENOID OF TOMATO CALLUS WITH DIFFERENCES IN EXPLANT AND SUBCULTURES TREATMENT
Imam Purwato1, Yulita Nurchayati *2, Rini Budihastuti3, Erma Prihastanti

Universitas Diponegoro,
Semarang
Indonesia

Abstract

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is a vegetable and fruit that contain ascorbic acid and carotenoids. The conventional production of these two compounds requires a lot of biomass. One of the methods to produce these two compounds is through a callus culture. The objectives of this study were to examine the factor of explant differences and culture maintenance toward the growth of callus, the antioxidant content of ascorbic acid and carotenoids content of tomato callus. The stage of this study included in vitro germination or tomato seeds, callus induction in MS with addition 2,4-D media and subculture. The study design used a completely randomized design (CRD) of two factors, the first factor was explant the type (cotyledons, hypocotyl and root sprouts) and the second factor was subculture treatment. The parameters observed were fresh weight of callus, carotenoid content and ascorbic acid content in each callus. The results shows that the different subculture treatments and explant sources affected the fresh weight of callus. The highest callus weight (0.29 g) was obtained from the hypocotyl explant callus. Subculture treatments also affect the content of ascorbic acid, but subculture treatments did not affect the carotenoid content of all explant sources. Callus from cotyledon explants produced the highest ascorbic acid content of 15.2 g / 100 g. Subculture treatment increased the fresh weight of callus (303.3%), carotenoid content (5.9%) and ascorbic acid (369.8%) compared without subculture treatment. The best source of explants to increase biomass is hypocotyl, while the best for the production of antioxidant compounds is cotyledon

Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum, Callus, Cotyledons, Hypocotyls, Secondary metabolites

Topic: Science Education