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61 Symposium on Advance of Sustainable Engineering ABS-252

Analysis of the structural strength of the frame structure of the computer- based corn husk peeler machine
Husen Asbanu and Muhammad Muslih

University Darma Persada


Abstract

Utilization of local food in the form of corn must be cultivated in order to maintain food ingredients, so it is necessary to create an appropriate mechanism or technology in processing local food for the community in increasing the quality and quantity of corn food consumption during the pandemic transition. In the design and analysis of the frame strength of the corn husk peeler machine, an analysis was carried out regarding the selection of the frame model in order to determine the strength of the material in holding each component of the corn husk peeler machine and to test the capacity of the given loading variables, namely: 20kg, 40kg, 60kg, and 80kg. This analysis uses computer software equipped with the finite element analysis (FEA) method. From the results of the simulation analysis, a model measuring 50 x 50 x 4 mm is chosen as the main frame which is then simulated with variations in maximum loading ranging from 20 - Maximum stress on the engine frame structure. Corn kernel husk peeler is 43,45 MPa and the maximum deflection is 0,5428 mm that occurs in the center of the machine structure. Based on the Tresca theory and Distortion Energy, it is found that the stress that occurs is still far from the criteria for structural failure. Likewise, the deflection that occurs is very small so that the machine construction

Keywords: machine design, structural stress

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Muslih)


62 Symposium on Advance of Sustainable Engineering ABS-253

ANDROID-BASED DIGITAL ENCYCLOPEDIA WITH LINEAR SEQUENTIAL MODEL METHOD
Prihatin Sulistyowati, Rohidatul Novianti Putri, Arif Rahman Hakim*

Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas PGRI Kanjuruhan Malang, Jl.S. Supriadi no. 48, Malang 65148, Indonesia
ariefrahman[at]unikama.ac.id


Abstract

During the current pandemic, almost all activities are carried out by depending on technology. The use of digital learning media is needed so that education continues. This study aims to produce an android-based digital encyclopedia as a medium for learning in elementary schools. The method for making android-based digital encyclopedias uses the linear sequential model (NGO) method or the waterfall method. The results show that the linear sequential model (NGO) method is an easy and systematic method to create a digital encyclopedia that is used on Android. From the research results, the need for electronic media that is easy to use and the manufacture using the linear sequential model method becomes more systematic and can be used as the basis for making other learning media

Keywords: Digital encyclopedia, android, method linear sequential model

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Prihatin Sulistyowati)


63 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-258

3D Models of Subsurface Geological Structures based on Rock Resistivity
Akhmad Jufriadi, Hena Dian Ayu

Physics Education Study Program, Universitas PGRI Kanjuruhan Malang


Abstract

Investigation of subsurface geological structures with 3D models based on rock resistivity has been carried out. 3D modeling of subsurface geological structures can provide more detailed and comprehensive information about an area^s geological and hydrogeological conditions. Resistivity data acquisition was carried out using the resistivity geoelectric method with Schlumberger configuration. The results show that 3D models of subsurface geology can provide a detailed and comprehensive picture of subsurface geological and hydrogeological conditions. The 3D model of the subsurface geological structure of the study area shows that the potential of the aquifer is not widely and evenly distributed. Potential aquifers contained in tuff sandstone are concentrated in the southern area of the study area. Meanwhile, the middle area consists of andesite lava distribution. A detailed description of the condition of the subsurface geological structure can be used as a basis for designing the development of an area.

Keywords: 3D models, geology, resistivity

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Akhmad Jufriadi)


64 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-3

Performance of Food Industry Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) by Combining Anaerobic, Aerobic, and Ozonation Process
Ira Ryski Wahyuni (a*), Imam Rozali Fathar (b), Assyifa Junitasari (a)

a) Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. Jl. A.H. Nasution No 105 Bandung, West Java, 40614, Indonesia
*ira_ryski[at]uinsgd.ac.id
b) CV. Lumas Multi Sarana (Citrabening), Jl, Neptunus Barat I Blok A15 No. 2 Bandung, West Java, 40286, Indonesia


Abstract

The wastewater of the food industry is one of the sources of environmental pollution. It contains high concentration of organic matters, dissolved solids, and suspended solids. In this study, the effectiveness assessment of the WWTP performance in one of the sausage industries located in Lembang, District of West Bandung, West Java was conducted. The parameters observed were BOD5, COD, TSS, pH, oil/grease, ammonia (NH3-N), total coliform. The WWTP is designed with a combination of anaerobic, aerobic and ozonation treatments. The initial process in the WWTP is pH control. This stage ensures that the optimal pH is in the range of 7.5 to 8.5 by adding a sodium bicarbonate solution. This stage is principal to ensure microorganisms can grow and develop properly and to avoid the potential for H2S poisoning as a result of the accumulation of sulfur elements in wastewater. The next process is the anaerobic process which aims to reduce COD, BOD5, TSS concentration. Then proceed with the aerobic process, in this stage, aeration is conducted by injecting air through a fine bubble air diffuser and adding aerobic bacteria to the aeration tank. The next process is ozonation which is known to have radical properties (easy to react with surrounding compounds). Therefore, it works as a strong oxidizing agent to oxidize organic compounds, sterilize high content of microorganisms, eliminate odors and colors in meat processing industry wastewater. The results show that the WWTP performance has a high-efficiency value in treating food industry wastewater. The efficiency is 89% for BOD removal, 97% for COD removal, and 100% for TSS removal.

Keywords: Anaerobic, Aerobic, Ozonation, Wastewater, WWTP

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ira Ryski Wahyuni)


65 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-259

The Effect of Tolerance Value Variation to Slope Stability Analysis Results Using 3 Dimensional Finite Element Method
A Y Siregar (a), M A Azizi (a*), I Marwanza (a), W Dahani (a), R Yulianti (a)

a) Mining Engineering Department, FTKE, Trisakti University, West Jakarta, 11440, Indonesia
masagus.azizi[at]trisakti.ac.id


Abstract

In the subject of mine slope stability analysis there are many analysis method available, especially with the rapid enhancement of computational technology. Finite Element Method is one of the most applied method amongst practitioners dan academics in the field of mining engineering. The method involves dividing 3 Dimensional model into small parts called elements. In this method, Shear Strength Reduction is adopted to determine the Factor of Safety, which in the terms of Finite Element Method also known as the Strength Reduction Factor. This research is intended to better understand one of the parameters in the Finite Element Method which is the tolerance value. The test is done by performing Finite Element Method analysis with a set of tolerance value variations. The result then used to generate graphs to determine the effect of tolerance variations to Factor of Safety and Total displacement. The result indicates a trend in the increase of Factor of Safety and total displacement with the increase of tolerance value. From the Factor of Safety and displacement chart it is found that the total displacement of 4.7 meters tends to stabilize when the tolerance value is 1 x 10-5 as it has insignificant difference from total displacement generated with tolerance value of 1 x 10-6 with the SRF of 1.2.

Keywords: open pit coal mine- slope stability- finite element method 3D- Tolerance

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Novi Triany)


66 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-5

Thermal Growth Prediction on 4 MW Steam Turbine Casing Using Finite Element Method
Dwijaya Febriansyah(1*), Endra Dwi Purnomo(1), Budi Nofiyantoro Fadjrin(1), Rudias Harmadi(1), Cuk Supriyadi Ali Nandar(1)

1. Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT - Republik Indonesia), PUSPIPTEK, Serpong 15314, Indonesia


Abstract

Adjustment of shaft alignment in steam turbine installations is an important procedure in carrying out preventive maintenance. The shaft alignment specification consists of a coupling target which is the distance between the shaft and the bearing then thermal growth which depends on the operating temperature and the material used. In the new steam turbine, the value of thermal growth can be calculated theoretically, but in fact, experience has proven that this method has missed a lot, whereas when using the experimental method (hot & cold alignment), the costs are quite large. To solve this problem, predicting the value of thermal growth can be done by simulating thermal expansion using the finite element method. In this study, the lower casing steam turbine simulates its thermal expansion according to its operating temperature so that the value and direction of deformation due to thermal expansion are known. The simulation results of this prediction give the thermal growth value on 4 MW steam turbine foots 0.021 mm (foot 1) and -0.055 mm (foot 2).

Keywords: steam turbine- thermal growth- shaft alignment

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dwijaya Febriansyah)


67 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-263

Detection of rat DNA content in snacks of public elementary school children in Bandung city with PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique
Ayuni Adawiyah, Fatiya Shofwaturrohmani, Yani Suryani, Tri Cahyanto, Yuni Kulsum, Desi Nurjanah, Neneng Windayani

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. Indonesia
Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Institute of Technology Bandung. Indonesia
Biology/BIYOLOJI (YL), GAZI ÜNIVERSITESI / FEN BILIMLERI ENSTITÜSÜ, (TEZLI) / Türkçe. Turki


Abstract

Street food vendors around elementary schools are receiving special attention because they are considered to be unhealthy foods, do not meet quality and safety standards, one example of food that is often highlighted is processed foods made from meat, which are included in the tipping point foods are very concerning problem. Food snacks should be safe from various aspects, including religious, economic, legal and medical aspects. Snacks with basic ingredients processed meat does not become good if there is a mixture of meat other than chicken or beef, the rise of various kinds of unclean meat and is not good like pork or rat which is a mixture. Then the need for identification to determine the halal and safety of food. As such, several techniques have been suggested for the identification of meat species either individually or in mixed samples to protect consumers from fraud and bad marketing habits. DNA-based techniques, especially those based on Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), are recognized as the most appropriate method used for species identification in raw and processed meat. This study aims to detect rat meat content in elementary school (SD) children^s snacks in the city of Bandung on rat specific DNA fragments. Stages of research used are field research (observation) and experimental research (laboratory testing). The results of the sample obtained 8 types of samples made from processed meat in the form of chocolate sausage, red sausage, burgers, cracks, cilok contents, cute meatballs, home production meatballs and factory production meatballs. Furthermore, the results of agarose gel 1% electrophoresis on PCR products showed the presence of a specific DNA band measuring 605 bp in rat meat and eight samples of snacks of elementary school children in the city of Bandung did not show any rat meat contamination

Keywords: rat DNA, meat-base food, polymerase chain reaction

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ayuni Adawiyah)


68 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-10

Depth Estimation Model of Shallow-Tropical Seawaters Based on Remote Sensing Data and BatNas
Moh. Dede (ab*), Heni Susiati (b), Millary Agung Widiawaty (bc), Arif Ismail (c), Hadi Suntoko (b)

(a) Center for Environment and Sustainability Science, Universitas Padjadjaran
*m.dede.geo[at]gmail.com
(b) Center for Assessment of Nuclear Energy System, National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)
(c) Department of Geography Education, FPIPS, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia


Abstract

Seawaters depth monitoring has many uses for environmental management, development planning, fisheries, and transportation. In general, depth measurement uses acoustic methods that rely on sound waves. For shallow waters, actually, we can use multispectral satellite imagery. This study aims to develop a depth algorithm of shallow-tropical seawaters based on Landsat imagery and National Bathymetry (BatNas) data. This model takes an area of interest in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. We tested the model with echosounding data from 294 observation points. Model validation and accuracy refers to r-square, central tendency, RMSE, MSE, and MAE. This study indicates that our model has determination of 81 percent with p-value of less than 0.01. In terms of accuracy, this algorithm has RMSE 1.07, MSE 3.41, and MAE 1.76. Our algorithm is able to estimate depths of up to 35 meters with an error of up to 1.94 meters. The actual depth pattern from echosounding and the model have similar patterns to describe subsea conditions. Although Indonesia has had a national scale bathymetric data, our algorithm could be useful for monitoring the depth of the shallow-tropical seawaters on a regular basis that is effective, efficient, and low-cost, but needs annual or seasonal updates.

Keywords: Depth model- Multispectral imagery- Shallow-tropical seawaters

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Moh. Dede)


69 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-12

The CH3CO2H Effect on The Quality of Halal Gelatin from Gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy) Bone
Anggita Rahmi Hafsari, Auiia Ainul Wardah

Departement of Biology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Jalan AH. Nasution No 105, Bandung 40614


Abstract

Gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy) bones are wastes that have not been used optimally and contain collagen to produce gelatin. In the other hand, gelatin is a natural product of collagen hydrolysis and a soluble protein that functions as a gelling agent. Generally, the manufacturing process begins by immersing the bones in an strong acidic solution to dissolvee calcium phosphate and other mineral salts. This treatment produces changes in softness for the bones to become relatively soft, using a weak acid CH3CO2H with a concentration level of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. Therefore, this study aims to determine the quality of gelatin with various concentrations of acetic acid. The results showed that the best treatment to produces gelatin was at a concentration level of 25% of acidic acid, the ampunt of moisture, ash, protein content, gel strength, viscosity, pH, and yield of 7.2%, 0.65%, 37.40%, 126.98 bloom, 5.60 cP, 5.42%, and 19.3%, respectively.

Keywords: Fishbone, Waste, Gelatin, Collagen, Hydrolysis

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Anggita Rahmi Hafsari)


70 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-13

Synthesis Of Hydroxyapatite From Chicken Egg Shell And Its Applications As Adsorbent Of Cadmium(II) Metal Ion In Aqueous Solution
Vina Amalia, M Guswanda Putra, Eko Prabowo Hadisantoso, Yusuf Rohmatulloh

Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung


Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is one of the materials that can be used as an adsorbent because it has a high ability as an ion exchanger and heavy metal adsorbent. HAp can be synthesized from chicken eggshells because of the CaCO3 content in the shells. In this study, HAp was synthesized from chicken eggshells that were treated with calcination at a temperature of 1000 ºC and without calcination, then reacted with Na3PO4 in a base condition atmosphere. Characterization using XRD showed that crystalline HAp was formed from calcined chicken eggshells, and amorphous HAp was formed from uncalcined chicken eggshells. The ratio of Ca/P HAp synthesized from calcined and uncalcined eggshells were 1.66 and 1.74, indicating that the synthesis using calcined eggshells were closer to the mole ratio of pure HAp. The results of SEM characterization showed that the surface pores of HAp from calcined eggshells were more than that of uncalcined. The results showed that the HAp synthesized from chicken eggshells was a good adsorbent for absorbing Cd(II) ions, the absorption efficiency of Cd(II) metal ions for HAp from calcined and uncalcined chicken eggshells were 99.85% and 97.2%

Keywords: adsorbent, Cd(II), calcined, egg shells, hydroxyapatite, uncalcined, synthesis

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Vina Amalia)


71 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-15

Extraction and Identification of Carotenoids from The Skin of Banana Kepok (Musa paradisiaca L.)
Nunung Kurniasih (a*), Wulan Sari (b), Assyifa Junitasari (c)

a) b) c) Chemisrty Departement, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Jl. A.H. Nasution No. 105, Cipadung, Bandung 40614, Indonesia


Abstract

Banana peel is a waste material or banana waste that is quite large in number. One of The compounds contained in banana peels is carotenoids. Carotenoids have benefits as precursors of vitamin A, antioxidants, immune enhancement, and several groups of carotenoids can be used as a food coloring. This study aims to determine the compound^s secondary metabolites contained in kepok banana peels, determine the best eluent for separation crude extract of carotenoids from kepok banana peels and determine the type of carotenoids present in the skin mashed banana. This research includes extraction which is done by the maceration method using acetone solvent. The carotenoid extract obtained was then partitioned using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. Extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water fractions were concentrated and tested for phytochemical screening. Compounds contained in banana peels in the n-hexane fraction are triterpenoids, in the ethyl. fraction Acetate is a flavonoid and the water fraction contains tannins, polyphenols, and flavonoids. In concentrated extract n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water fractions were separated from carotenoids by thin-layer chromatography with eluent variations of n-hexane: acetone (6:4), n-hexane: chloroform (8:2), and n-hexane. Next result Thin-layer chromatography was identified using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and FTIR. Results Separation by thin-layer chromatography showed that the carotenoid content was present in the n-hexane fraction with the best eluent n-hexane: acetone (6:4). Results of identification of UV-Vis and FTIR. spectrophotometers showed that the types of carotenoids contained in kepok banana peels were siponaxantin and mitiloxantin

Keywords: Kepok banana peel (Musa paradisiaca L.)- carotenoids- maceration

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Assyifa Junitasari)


72 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-275

Implementation Yolo3 for symptoms of disease in Shallots crop
A Sumarudin

Politeknik Negeri Indramayu


Abstract

Shallots are one of the commodities that are widely consumed by the people of Indonesia, whether it is used as a cooking spice or as herbal medicine. In the process of cultivating shallots there are pests and diseases that can inhibit growth. Shallots are susceptible to fungal and bacterial infections, so they need more special handling in order to prevent and reduce the effects of pest infections. The number of causes or symptoms of infection that attacks onion plants makes it difficult for farmers to find out. Therefore we need an intelligent system that can help farmers to detect symptoms of diseases that will attack plants to make it easier to prevent in the future. this paper, we propose utilize YOLO3 for detection symptoms of disease in shallot crops. YOLO3 is object detection algorithm with single neural network in full image. base on experience with 143 datasets shallot image and training model for implementation on mobile application for farmer. result the training model are GIoU 0,801, Objectness 0,777, Classification 0,11, Precision 0,46, Recall 0,625, mAP@0,5 0,594, dan F1 Score sebesar 0,513. this system can implementation for detection symptoms of disease shallots.

Keywords: shallot- yolo3- farmer- single neural- disease

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (A Sumarudin)


73 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-22

Machine Learning Approach for Scholarship Candidate Selection in Indonesia
Mohamad Irfan (a), Wildan Budiawan Zulfikar (a*), Rina Anjari Ramadanti (a), Agung Wahana (a), Yana Aditia Gerhana (a)

a) Department of Informatic, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati, Bandung 40614, Indonesia
*wildan.b[at]uinsgd.ac.id


Abstract

Scholarships are a form of assistance in the form of funds provided by an institution to individuals, both students and students, with the aim of being used for the continuation of the education they are pursuing. Administratively, candidates register and submit the required files. The selection process must be carried out objectively. The selected participants must truly meet various requirements and have more rights than other participants. The problem that arises is the issue of subjectivity in this selection process. In this research, two machine learning algorithms are implemented and compared. The two algorithms are Modified K-Nearest Neighbor (MKN) and Classification and Regression Tree (CART). MKNN is an improvisation of the K-Nearest Neighbor method where the calculation process includes data validity steps and a weight voting process. Based on related studies, CART is a classification algorithm that is easy to interpret but has good accuracy. Based on the limited evaluation, MKNN recorded an accuracy value of 91.23%, while for the CART method it was 87.7%.

Keywords: machine learning, classification and regression tree, modified k-nearest neighbour, scholarship, scholarship selection

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Wildan Budiawan Zulfikar)


74 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-24

COLD START ABILITY TESTS FOR DIESEL PASSENGER CARS FUELED BY B30 BIODIESEL AND ITS PRECIPITATION IN A LOW TEMPERATURE ENVIRONMENT
Ihwan Haryono (a*), Muhammad Maruf (a), Siti Yubaidah (a), Budi Rochmanto (a), Hari Setiapraja (a), Rizqon Fajar (b)

a) The Centre of Technology for Thermodynamics, Engines and Propulsion (BT2MP-BPPT)
*ihwan.haryono[at]bppt.go.id
b) Center of Technology for System and Infrastructure of Transportation (PTSPT-BPPT)


Abstract

Indonesia has implemented the use of B30 biodiesel for land transportation in early 2020 where the monoglyceride content is a maximum of 0.5%. Determination of this monoglyceride content is very important, as an effort to mitigate the impact of precipitation if biodiesel is used in a low temperature environment. Precipitation on B30 will result in blocking of the fuel filter, making it difficult for the vehicle to start. A field test was conducted to determine the effect of environmental temperature on B30 precipitation and the ability of diesel vehicles to start. The test used 2 sets of 6 passenger vehicles, each fueled with B0 and B30 where the monoglyceride content are 0.4% and 0.5%. Prior to the test, the vehicles were soaked for 3, 7, 14 and 21 days in a mountainous area. The results show that there is no difference in cold start ability test time between vehicles with B0 and B30, both for 0.4% and 0.5% monoglyceride content. All vehicles can be started immediately in less than 1 second. The precipitation test showed that there was a difference in the amount of precipitate between B0 and B30 and the storage time did not affect the amount of precipitate.

Keywords: palm biodiesel- cloud point- precipitation- mono-glycerides- start-ability

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rizqon Fajar)


75 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-27

Review of Artificial Neural Nertwork Applications in Engine Research
Lukman Shalahuddin, Rizqon Fajar, Sahid Bismantoko

Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)


Abstract

Considering the environmental and energy concerns, the need for finding an alternative fuel is increasing greatly. Emission legislation has become progressively tighter, making the development of new or modified internal combustion engines very challenging. Multiple test combinations in engine experiments required for obtaining optimum results are usually time-consuming and costly.
The potential of artificial intelligence application for prediction of internal combustion engine performance has been studied by various researchers. Many have utilized the advance of artificial neural networks (ANN), in order to predict either engine performance, exhaust emissions, optimum control, or optimum blend of alternative fuels.
The methodology used were initially to obtain data from experimental engine tests. The fuel compositions or the engine operating conditions were then varied. An optimum algorithm and architecture of the network were developed, trained, and tested to compare the predicted values with the experimental values.
This paper reviews and discussed major works by various authors in this regard. The purpose is to give an overview of the various applications of ANN for internal combustion engines. Applications include engine performance, exhaust emissions, optimum control, or optimum blend of alternative fuels are discussed. Thus, the benefits of ANN, and future possibilities are assessed.

Keywords: artificial neural network, internal combustion engine, performance

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Lukman Shalahuddin)


76 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-28

Effect of silicon concentration on soybean plant
Budy Frasetya Taufik Qurrohman(a*), Salamet Ginandjar(a), Sighatullah S. A. Musliqhi(a)

a) Departement of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati
Jl. A.H. Nasution No. 105 Bandung West Java, Indonesia
*budyfrasetya[at]uinsgd.ac.id


Abstract

Increasing soybean production in Indonesia is faced with various obstacles, only the limited productive land for soybean cultivation. Soybeans are generally grown in paddy fields. Silica (Si) is available in lowland soils compared to non-rice fields because rice plants accumulate Si. The Si element has the function of increasing the cell wall lag and the rate so that the low Si impacts the productivity of soybean plants. This study aimed to study the effect of Si concentration on the growth and yield of soybean plants. The research method used is an experimental research method using a randomized block design. The treatments given were the application of silica fertilizer concentration with different application times, namely P1 = Liquid Silica 15 mL L-1 and two times the application time of 15 DAP, 30 DAP- P2 = Liquid Silica 15 mL L-1 and three times the application time 15 DAP, 30 DAP, 45 DAP. P3 = Liquid Silica 30 mL L-1 and two times application time 15 DAP, 30 DAP- P4 = Liquid Silica 30 mL L-1 and three times the application time 15 DAP, 30 DAP, 45 DAP. Each treatment was repeated four times. Parameters observed to measure growth response and harvest yield were: leaf area, plant dry weight, number of pods, and wet weight of seeds per plant. The analysis of variance at the 5% level showed that the application of silica with different application times affected all experimental parameters. Silica fertilizer concentration of 30 mL L-1 with three applications is the best fertilizer recommendation for soybean growth and yield.

Keywords: Anjasmoro cultivar- critical limit of Si- rice husk extraction

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Budy Frasetya Taufik Qurrohman)


77 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-285

The effect of titanium dioxide-coated copper catalytic converters to reduce noise level from four-stroke engines
Warju Warju, Sudirman Rizki Ariyanto, Adam Cahya Putra, Muhammad Yandi Pratama

Universitas Negeri Surabaya


Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the ability of titanium dioxide-coated copper catalytic converters to reduce noise level from four-stroke engines. This experimental research uses Yamaha Vixion Lightning as the object of research. Research instruments used include chassis dynamometer, sound level meter, manometer, and tachometer. The noise level test was carried out in accordance with the SAE J1287 standard which then the results were compared with the noise threshold that has been regulated in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment Number 7 of 2009. The findings of this study indicate that the average noise produced by each exhaust includes (1) standard without MCC Pt & Rh of 93.5 dB(A)- (2) standard with MCC Pt & Rh 90.8 dB(A)- (3) experiment 1 of 91.2 dB(A)- (4) experiment 2 of 91.1 dB(A)- (5) experiment 3 of 91.2 dB(A)- (6) experiment 4 of 91.5 dB(A)- (7) experiment 5 of 91.1 dB(A)- (8) experiment 6 of 91.5 dB(A)- (9) experiment 7 of 91.1 dB(A)- (10) experiment 8 of 91.2 dB(A)- (11) experiment 9 was 91 dB(A).

Keywords: metallic catalytic converter- copper- titanium dioxide- noise level- four stroke motorcycle

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Warju Warju)


78 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-33

Analysis of Groundwater Pollution Vulnerability Using DRASTIC Method Development in Bandung City
Adi Mulyana Supriatna (a*), Suprihanto Notodarmodjo (b), Ira Ryski Wahyuni (a), Assyifa Junitasari (a)

a) Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, JL. A.H. Nasution No. 105 Bandung, West Java, 40614, Indonesia.
b) Departement of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, JL. Ganesha No.10 Bandung, West Java, 40132, Indonesia


Abstract

Bandung is one of the major cities in Indonesia with a high population density. To meet clean water needs, most people in Bandung use groundwater. Problems related to groundwater are increasing of limited quantity and vulnerability of quality by pollution. The efforts to protect groundwater quality from pollutants can be started by mapping the areas that are vulnerable to pollution. There are various methods to map the pollution vulnerability of an area, one of its is DRASTIC method. The parameter of this method consists of groundwater level, rainfall, aquifer media, soil media, topography, vadose zones, hydraulic conductivity. In this research, this method is developed by adding land use parameters to become more dynamic. The distribution information of groundwater pollution vulnerability can be used as a reference in sustainable development. Accordingly, this study aims to zone the level of groundwater pollution vulnerability in Bandung. The research methodology begins by collecting map data by following the required parameters. Afterward, it is weighted to each parameter by overlaying the map in the Arc.GIS software. The results of this study are Bandung City region has 3 classes of groundwater pollution vulnerability consist of high (22%), moderate (72%), and low (6%) zones.

Keywords: DRASTIC, GIS, groundwater, pollution, vulnerability

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Adi Mulyana Supriatna)


79 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-35

The Readiness of Electric Vehicle in Indonesia Based on the Perceptions of Key Stakeholders
Andante Hadi Pandyaswargo (a), Meilinda Fitriani Nur Maghfiroh (b)

a) Environmental Research Institute, Waseda University
Totsukamachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8050, Japan
*andante.hadi[at]aoni.waseda.jp
b) Center of Innovation Logistics and Supply Chain
Jalan Teuku Nyak Arief, Jakarta, Indonesia


Abstract

The transportation sector is one of the most significant contributors of CO2 emissions in Indonesia, only second to the industrial sector. The Indonesian government is keen to reduce 29% of its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2030. To reach this goal, the government aimed to increase renewable energy (RE) in the energy mix to 23% in 2025. They also initiated local production of electric motorcycles in 2025 and electric cars in 2030. Electric Vehicle (EV) is a promising technology that can increase electricity efficiency, drive RE, and diminish the dependency on fossil fuel in the mobility sector. The challenges, however, come not only from the technology and infrastructure readiness but also from market readiness. Although some countries that adopted EVs, such as China and Norway, showed success, the market penetration is not always easy. EVs adoption is influenced by many factors, both technical and individual-specific psychological factors. To reveal the readiness level in Indonesia, we interviewed the key EV stakeholders in Indonesia, such as the industrial sector, the experts, and the end-users. We assess their perceptions captured from the interviews, with the Japanese Technology Readiness Assessment (J-TRA) methodology. Results showed that there are similarities and dissimilarities of perception among the stakeholders.

Keywords: Electric Vehicle, Technology Readiness Assessment, Stakeholder Perception

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Andante Hadi Pandyaswargo)


80 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-37

Amylase Isolation and Characterization from Cassava Skin (Manihot utilissima Pohl)
Tina Dewi Rosahdi (a*), Ranti Pitriani (b), Asep Supriadin (c), Assyifa Junitasari (d)

Jurusan Kimia, FST, UIN SGD Bandung


Abstract

Amylase is a hydrolase enzyme that can hydrolyze glycosidic bonds in starch molecules into dextrin, maltose, and glucose. Amylase can be obtained from plants, animals and microorganisms, and humans. In this study, the source of amylase used is cassava skin because it has a high carbohydrate content. The use of cassava skin as source of amylase is also one of the uses of waste in Indonesia. Amylase is extracted with a phosphate buffer 50 mM pH 7.5. Amylase is purified by the salting out method using (NH4)2SO4 and is dialysis using the cellophane membrane. The amylase activity of the cassava skin (Manihot utilissima Pohl) is measured by the FUWA method and total protein content measured using the Bradford method. The highest specific activity was obtained at a 50% saturation rate of 5.43 x 10-4 U/mg. Amylase works optimum at pH 7 and 50 C temperatures.

Keywords: Amylase, cassava skin, salting out, dialysis, specific activity, Fuwa method, Bradford method.

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tina Dewi Rosahdi)


81 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-39

Determination Nutrient content (C, N, P, K) on The Citrus (Citrus sp.), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Peels Eco-enzyme
Ruminah(a), Ida Yusidah(b), Tina Dewi Rosahdi(a*)

a. Chemistry Departement, Faculty of Sains and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
*tina_dr[at]uinsgd.ac.id
b. Agrotechnology Department, Faculty of Sains and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan gunung Djati Bandung


Abstract

Ecoenzyme are solution of fermented fruit peels that can be used in green organic fertilizer. They are thought to have a concentration of nutrients that plants can absorb. The aim of this study is to determine concentrations of nutrients content such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The method used for carbon analysis is the Walkley Black method and Kjeldahls method for nitrogen analysis. Then for analysis of phosphorus, the sample was destruction with HCl then measured using UV Vis spectrophotometri. At the potassium anlysis, the sample was destruction with HNO3 and HClO4 then measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The carbon content was obtained 1,88%, the nitrogen content obtained 0,04% and phosphorus and potassium content obtained 0,02% and 1,04%. The concentration of nutrients in the ecoenzyme is below the minimum standard of 3-6%.

Keywords: Ecoenzyme- fruit peels- nutrients content.

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (ruminah ruminah)


82 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-48

Diversity of Sea Cucumbers and Brittle Stars in Intertidal Zone, Karang Papak Coastal, West Java, Indonesia
E Paujiah1, RASDR Putri2, WT Ardiansyah3, S K Wandani1, W Setya4, Y Suryani5, I Zulfahmi6, Rumondang7

1Department of Biology Education, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati, Bandung, Indonesia
2Bio Farma, Bandung, Indonesia
3Department of Animal Bioscience, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
4Department of Physics Education, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati, Bandung, Indonesia
5Department of Biology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
6Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh
7Department of Aquaqulture, Asahan University, North Sumatera


Abstract

This study aims to inform the diversity of Sea Cucumber and Brittle Stars in the intertidal zone, Karang Papak coastal, West Java, Indonesia. This research was conducted in June 2018 and February 2019. The method of sampling used line transects systematically using a 1 x 1 meter quadrant. All types of sea cucumber and brittle stars found in the quadrant are calculated, identified and the results was verified by professional researchers from Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). The results showed that were 2 types of sea cucumbers and brittle stars was found in the study sites, namely Holothuria atra, Actinopyga mauritiana and Ophiocoma scolopendrina, Ophiocoma erinaceus. The highest abudance of sea cucumber species is H. atra and brittle star species is O. erinaceus found in the full moon phase because the lunar phase relate to environmental conditions such as the influence of light and nutrition. This preliminary data can be used for completed data about Indonesian echinoderms and as additional information in determining the management of aquatic resources in that location.

Keywords: brittle star, diversity, intertidal zone, karang papak, sea cucumbar

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Epa Paujiah)


83 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-49

ROAD TEST FOR HEAVY DUTY VEHICLES FUELED BY THIRTY PERCENT (B30) PALM BIODIESEL
Hari Sumartono, Muhammad Ma^ruf, Rudi Cahyo Nugroho, Nacep Suryana, Ihwan Haryono

Centre of Technology for Thermodynamics, Engines & Propulsion-The Agency for Assessment & Application of Technology) BT2MP-BPPT, Gedung 230 Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, Banten 15314, Indonesia


Abstract

Roadtest was conducted to confirm that there are no negative effects to the engine due to the utilization of B30 in the long-term operation. The fuel used for the test was made of 70% diesel and 30% B100 with a maximum of 0.5% monoglyceride. The limitation of monoglyceride was made to anticipate the occurrence of precipitation at low temperature and excessive contamination in the fuel filter that can lead to filter blocking. For the first 10000 km, test vehicles were tested every 2500 km interval to evaluate engine power, exhaust opacity, and fuel filter difference pressure. Then the test was conducted every 10000 km until the vehicles reach 40000 km. Filter was changed if pressure difference value indicates the filter blocking about to occur, otherwise it will be changed according to manufacturer standard. The test result shows that after 40000 km, engine power was not decreasing, opacity about the same as at the beginning of the road test. There were test vehicles that had a high rate of pressure difference increase at the beginning of the road test. After the first fuel filter replacement, the rate of pressure difference increase was lower.

Keywords: palm biodiesel- road test- heavy duty vehicles- engine performance- filter blocking

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hari Sumartono)


84 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-51

Mathematical Model of Dengue Transmission in the Early-Age Group
Fadilah Ilahi, Nur Fadilaturrohmah

UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung


Abstract

Dengue fever is a disease that occurs every year and this is always a big concern for the community when entering the rainy season. Based on data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, the age group that is susceptible to dengue is less than 15 years old. At the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, dengue fever has less attention from the public and the government even in 2020, there are 160,000 cases from January through March with 100 deaths. In this study, the author interested to construct a mathematical model for dengue transmission by involving the early-age group in the population with temporary immunity. The analysis will begin by looking at the transmission process between vectors (Aedes aegypti mosquitoes) and humans, analysing the equilibrium points, basic reproduction number, and sensitivity analysis of parameters, and making simulation.

Keywords: dengue, mathematical model, basic reproduction number, temporary immunity, early-age group

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Fadilah Ilahi)


85 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-56

Design Development of Extrusion Machine for Recycling Plastic Waste
Camytha Octanuryati Rochmad(a), Jelita Widi Rahmasanti(b), Desinta Dewi(a), Taufiq Candra(b), Kushendarsyah Saptaji(a*), and Farid Triawan(a)

(a) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sampoerna University, South Jakarta, Indonesia
*kushendarsyah[at]sampoernauniversity.ac.id
(b) Department of Industrial Engineering, Sampoerna University, South Jakarta, Indonesia


Abstract

Plastic waste has become a complex environmental problem. Indonesia as the second biggest country with plastic waste encounter serious problems in treating plastic waste. In addition, the lack of an effective system in treating and recycling plastic waste makes this problem more severe. Many efforts have been conducted to solve this problem. One of the solutions is to recycle plastic waste. Plastic waste can be sorted based on its properties and subsequently shredded into pellets. The pellets then can be transformed into new reusable products using an extrusion machine. This paper discusses the development of an extrusion plastic machine design along with its material selections, ergonomics aspect, static analysis, and cost. The proposed design is established in which the machine frame meets the ergonomics requirements. It is also considered that all components and materials to build the machine are available in the market and can be adjusted with the existing conditions. The safety factor for the frame is obtained to be 84, which implies that the proposed design has adequate strength. Moreover, by comparing to the extrusion machine available in the marketplace, the proposed extrusion machine can obtain the cost of about IDR 8,703,545.

Keywords: Recycle plastic waste- extrusion plastic machine- ergonomics- safety factor

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Camytha Octanuryati Rochmad)


86 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-57

AMPHIBIAN DIVERSITY (ORDER OF ANURA) BASED ON DISTANCE FROM WATER BODIES IN DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES IN SITU PATENGAN AREA
Ana Widiana, Sodikin, Astri Yuliawati, Rizal M. Hasby, Ismi FS

UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung


Abstract

The amphibian^s lives are inseparable from the waters that aim to maintain the moisture of their body skin. The aim of this study was to compare the diversity level of amphibian species of the Anura Order in the Situ Patengan area based on the distance from water bodies. This research was conducted on three different types of communities, namely forest communities, tea plantation communities, and residential communities. The method used in this study was the Visual Encounter Survey with a combination of lines transect and Recce Walk. The determination of the research area was by purposive sampling technique. Identification was carried out at the site of research with an amphibious identification guide. The total number of amphibians obtained was 183 individuals from 11 species from 6 families. The level of diversity in forest communities was classified as moderate (2.02), the tea plantation community was classified as moderate (1.51), and the residential community was classified as low (0.78). The most common plots of Anura amphibians found was in the first plot at a distance of 0-50 meters from the water bodies in each community. It can be concluded that the level of species diversity is influenced by the distance from the water bodies.

Keywords: amphibian, anura, water body, diversity, community, situ patengan

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ana Widiana)


87 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-63

Ocean Energy Web as a Media for Increasing Renewable Energy Literacy
Dindin Nasrudin, Chaerul Rochman, Maya Arleni, Diah Mulhayatiah, Herni Yuniarti Suhendi

UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung


Abstract

Efforts to disseminate information on renewable energy must continue to increase people^s energy literacy. This paper wants to reveal efforts to increase people^s energy literacy through the ocean energy web. This research is part of a series of Research and Development (R & D) in renewable energy literacy. This research reveals the flow chart of developing the ocean energy web, mapping the ocean energy content, and the results of expert validation related to the feasibility of the web as a learning medium. This study concludes that in terms of content and packaging, the ocean energy web is feasible to be used as a medium of learning at the secondary school level

Keywords: energy literacy, ocean energy, web-based learning

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dindin Nasrudin)


88 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-64

Improving people^s energy literacy through the nuclear energy web
Dindin Nasrudin, Chaerul Rochman, Riki Purnama Putra, Diah Mulhayatiah, Herni Yuniarti Suhendi

UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung


Abstract

The development of nuclear power plants has always been met with pros and cons from the public. This paper wants to reveal the efforts to increase public nuclear literacy through web development. This research is part of a series of Research and Development (R & D). This study reveals (1) a flow chart of the process of developing nuclear energy media, (2) mapping of nuclear energy content, (3) expert validation results related to the feasibility of the web as a learning medium, and (4) user responses related to the use of the web. This study concludes that the nuclear energy web can be used as a medium for increasing public energy literacy

Keywords: energy literacy, nuclear energy, web-based learning

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dindin Nasrudin)


89 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-65

Introducing Wind Energy as an Alternative Energy Source Through Literacy Magazine
Chaerul Rochman, Dindin Nasrudin, Rizki Hidayatulloh, Diah Mulhayatiah, Herni Yuniarti Suhendi

UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung


Abstract

This paper aims to reveal the use of magazines as a medium for increasing public literacy regarding the use of wind energy as an alternative energy source. The research method is the Research and Development (R & D) with the ADDIE model. The results of this study include (1) flow chart of wind energy magazine development (2) Mapping of wind energy content (3) expert validation results related to the feasibility of magazines as learning media (4) Magazine user responses. This study concludes that in terms of content and packaging, wind energy magazines can be used as alternative media to increase people^s energy literacy

Keywords: energy literacy, wind energy, magazine-based learning

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dindin Nasrudin)


90 Symposium on Energy and Environmental Science and Engineering ABS-67

Solar Energy E-book as a Media to Improve Renewable Energy Literacy
Chaerul Rochman, Dindin Nasrudin, Sri Prihatini, Diah Mulhayatiah, Herni Yuniarti Suhendi

UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung


Abstract

This paper aims to reveal e-books as a medium for increasing public literacy regarding solar energy as an environmentally friendly energy source. This research is part of a series of Research and Development (R & D). The results of this study include (1) flow chart of wind energy magazine development (2) Mapping of solar energy e-book content (3) expert validation results related to the feasibility of magazines as learning media (4) E-book user responses. This study concludes that solar energy e-books can be used as alternative media to increase public literacy related to solar energy.

Keywords: renewable energy literacy, solar energy, e-book-based learning

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dindin Nasrudin)


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