Optimization of Crude Extract Cellulase Enzym Production by Cellulolytic Bacteria Isolates R3-1 From Termite Gastrointestinal Cryptotermes Sp. Using Rice Straw Substrate (Oryza Sativa, Linn.)
Peristiwati*, Y. Sanjaya, and W. Nur Septiani

Department of Biology Education, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung,
Indonesia

Abstract

Optimization of Crude Extract Cellulase Enzyme Production by Cellulolytic Bacteria Isolates R3-1 From Termite Gastrointestinal Cryptotermes Sp. Using Rice Straw Substrate (Oryza Sativa, Linn.)

Peristiwati*, Y. Sanjaya, and W. Nur Septiani
Department of Biology Education, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung,
Indonesia

*Corresponding author^s e-mail: peristiwatidj@upi.edu

Abstract. Cellulase enzymes in various industries increase by 7% every year and occupy important positions in multiple industries. Therefore, increased production is expected to meet cellulase enzymes^ needs and optimum conditions for its production. Rice straw waste is organic waste that can be a substrate in the cellulase enzyme production process. In addition to the substrate, the production process also requires cellulolytic microorganisms that can be found in the digestive tract of termites, especially in wood termites (Cryptotermes sp.). This study aims to determine the optimum temperature and pH for the production of cellulase enzymes and see the effect of cell biomass on enzyme activity. A preliminary study is needed to identify cellulolytic bacteria isolated using Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a selective media with clear zone indicators formed around the colony. Cell biomass was obtained from absorbance values during fermentation, and cellulase enzyme activity was measured using the DNS method. Production optimization is carried out by a factorial pattern with two factors, namely temperature (36.5oC and 37.5oC) and pH (6.5 and 7.5). The incubation time used was (0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours). The results of the preliminary study found that isolate R3-1 was Achromobacter sp. Production optimization test shows that the highest activity value occurs at 37.5oC and pH 7.5 at 72 hours with an activity value of 35.606 U/mL. At the same time, the highest value of cell biomass occurred at 36.5 oC and pH 7.5 at 24 hours, with an absorbance value of 2.980 nm and an enzyme activity

Keywords: Cellulase, Cryptotermes Sp, Isolates R3-1.

Topic: Biology