Effect of Germination Conditions on the Reduction and Modification Products of Ochratoxin A in Peanuts
Azizah Nurdiana (a*), Amelinda Pratiwi (a), Alifa L Dewi (a), Widya P Septiani (a), Siti Aisyah (a)

a) Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jalan Dr. Setiabudi 40154, Indonesia
*azizahnurdiana28[at]gmail.com

Abstract

Food safety is an important aspect that must be considered. One of the causes of unsafe food consumption is mycotoxins. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin found in peanuts that is nephrotoxic and considered to have potential carcinogenic effects. OTA detoxification methods can be carried out biologically, such as through germination, and also through physical methods, namely using light. This study employs a modified method combining germination with light exposure. The aim of this research is to determine the effects of conditions germination in the dark and light on the reduction and modification product OTA in germinated peanuts.Peanuts were spiked with 100 ppb of OTA, followed by light-assisted germination (white light and blue light) and dark germination. Subsequently, analysis was conducted using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) with the Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) method to observe the reduction of OTA at m/z OTA 404 with product ions 358.85, 239.00, and 221.00. Furthermore, an analysis of modified OTA products was performed using the Product Ion Scan (PIS) method within the m/z range of 100 - 1000 to elucidate OTA product changes.The UHPLC-MS/MS analysis using the MRM method revealed a percentage reduction of OTA by 89.25% during dark germination. Meanwhile, white light-assisted germination resulted in a reduction of 98.39%, and blue light-assisted germination showed a reduction of 82.59%. The addition of light during germination is believed to influence enzyme performance during the germination process, leading to OTA reduction.The PIS analysis results indicated structural changes in OTA. These structural changes in OTA are likely due to reactions occurring during the germination and light-assisted germination processes. Therefore, it can be concluded that light-assisted germination, particularly with white light, holds the potential as a method to reduce OTA in peanuts.

Keywords: Germination, Light, Ochratoxin A, Peanuts, UHPLC-MS/MS

Topic: Chemistry