Design, Validation, and Reliability of an Observation instrument Technique and Tactic in Handball Ardiansyah Rica Samsu Goli (a), Tomoliyus (b)
UNIVERSITY OF YOGYAKARTA
Abstract
The use of observational methodology in the sports provides physical education teachers, coaches, and other sports professionals with flexible tools that adapt to their needs. In collective sports, the use of these instruments is common for the technical and tactical analysis of the game. The aims of this study were to design, validate, and test the reliability of a mixed observational instrument of field formats and category system to analyze technical and tactical actions in the offense and defense in handball. The study was a research and development with mixed method qualitative and quantitative, the research sample was 21 international students who study in Indonesia. The instrument design, validation, and reliability calculation were done in four stages: review of the literature,design the first draft of the instrument, experts qualitative and quantitative review of the instrument, and observer training test (reliability calculation). The content validity was established by 10 experts. Expert were asked about: comprehension of the criteria, categorical cores, degree openness, and their definitions, pertinence of categorical cores and degree openness, and whether to include other categorical cores or degree of openness in the observation instrument. The result showed that the lowest Aikens V index was 0.86 for the categorical core. The inter and intra observer reliability presented good levels of agreement. The lowest Kappa index was 0.86 for the inter reliability in the categorical core balls height. The coefficients of the generalizability analysis showed a high level accuracy, validity and reliability of the instrument. Conclusion showed that the instrument allows obtaining objective, valid and reliable information about the offensive and defense phase.
