Synthesis of hydroxyapatite from eggshells composited with titanium dioxide using the hydrothermal method Efa Nur Asyiah (b*), Ferli Septi Irwansyah (a,b), Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy (b), Atiek Rostika Noviyanti (b)
a) Department of chemistry Education, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia
*efa20001[at]mail.unpad.ac.id
b) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. Hydroxyapatite has been widely used in biomedical applications, especially in bone and dental implants. Hydroxyapatite can be synthesized using chemical precursors. However, the synthesis is quite complicated or a biologically unsafe process. Hydroxyapatite can be synthesized from natural sources because it is safe and contains ions, such as the synthesis from chicken eggshells. The eggshell contains a high enough calcium carbonate compound, which is useful as a biomaterial, especially eggshells that are economical and easy to prepare. One of the reasons is that hydroxyapatite can absorb bacteria and viruses by adsorption of molecules. However, hydroxyapatite cannot decompose a molecule. While compounds can break down molecules and are antibacterial, one of which is titanium dioxide. The combination of the two into a hydroxyapatite-titanium dioxide composite is advantageous. The hydroxyapatite-titanium composite was oxidized for consideration of antibacterial activity and synthesized by hydrothermal method at 230oC. Solid hydroxyapatite was composited with titanium dioxide to form a hydroxyapatite-titanium dioxide composite with different solvents, namely Aqua DM and NaOH.
