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31	Chemistry	ABS-67
Development of Biodegradable Plastic Based on Corn Starch and Cabe Jamu Extract as Natural Antioxidants Nurmalisa Lisdayana (a*), Banun Diyah Probowati (a), Rizqy Rawhaty Rajabiah (a), Ihza Danu Mahendra (a) Agroindustrial Technology Study Program, Faculty of Agricuture, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura *nurmalisa.lisdayana[at]trunojoyo.ac.id Abstract Starch is an abundant natural polymer and we can easily find it anywhere, especially corn starch which is often found in the Madura island. Corn starch is a type of polymer that is renewable, biodegradable, cheap and potential as an alternative material for the manufacture of plastics. Conventional plastics have many problems, namely the difficulty of being decomposed naturally. Therefore, an alternative material that has good biodegradability is needed, such as corn starch. In addition to the use of corn starch which is used as a basic ingredient in the manufacture of biodegradable plastic, cabe jamu extract is also added as an antioxidant. This study aims to determine the biodegradability of biodegradable plastic with corn starch as the matrix and the addition cabe jamu extract as a natural antioxidant. Corn starch-based biodegradable plastic has excellent biodegradability and the addition of cabe jamu helps to increase the antioxidant capacity. Keywords: Biodegradable plastic, Corn Starch, Herbal Chilli, Antioxidants Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurmalisa Lisdayana)

32	Chemistry	ABS-72
Synthesis and Characterization of Calcium Oxide (CaO) Nanoparticles and Their Application in Adsorption of Indigo Carmine Brigitta Stacia Maharani (a), Fitri Khoerunnisa (a*), Mita Nurhayati (b), Hendrawan Hendrawan (a), Eli Hendrik Sanjaya (c), Wijayanti Dwi Astuti (d) (a) Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung 40154, Indonesia (b) Department of Advanced Science and Technology Convergence, Kyungpook National University, 2559 Gyeongsang-daero, Sangju-si 37224, South Korea (c) Department of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 90222, Indonesia (d) Department of Electrical Engineering dan Informatics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia Abstract This study aims to determine the optimum conditions for the synthesis of CaO nanoparticles through the co-precipitation method, to determine the characteristics of the CaO nanoparticles synthesized by the co-precipitation method and to investigate the effect of the performance of CaO nanoparticles on the effectiveness of CaO nanoparticles as an adsorbent for indigo carmine waste. The CaO nanoparticle synthesis method used in this study is the co-precipitation method, while the adsorption application uses the batch method. CaO nanoparticles were analyzed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) while the adsorption test was analyzed using an Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer. CaO nanoparticles have optimum conditions with a NaOH concentration of 1M with the highest yield percentage up to 74.56% and a formation temperature of 600-degree Celcius. The successful formation of CaO nanoparticles was shown by the 2-theta diffraction peak of 23.12- 32.4- 39.6 and 51.02 which are identical to CaO with an hkl lattice structure of (200), (220), (311), and (331) respectively and the crystal size reaches 4.96 nm. SEM images also support the formation of CaO nanoparticles which reach a size of 50 nm and their uniform distribution. IR spectra show that CaO nanoparticles already have Ca-O bonds at wavelengths of 3640 and 791 cm-1 and Ca-O stretching vibrations at 1400 and 860 cm-1. Adsorption study of indigo carmine with CaO nanoparticles used an adsorbent dose of 10 mg, an adsorbate concentration of 100 ppm and a contact time of 50 minutes. In modeling the most suitable adsorption isotherm is the Koble-Corrigan model with a R square of 0.99 and a chi square value of 0.39. Whereas in the adsorption kinetics modeling, the pseudo 2nd order model is the most suitable model R square value of 0.99 and the Qmax value (experiment) is close to the Qe value (calculation). Keywords: adsorption, adsorption isotherm, adsorption kinetics, nanoparticles, indigo carmine Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Brigitta Stacia Maharani)

33	Chemistry	ABS-97
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOY MILK ICE CREAM WITH THE ADDITION OF JAMUN FRUIT (Syzygium cumini) AND STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana) Florentina Maria Titin Supriyanti*, Yusrianti Sabrina Kurniadianti, Ali Kusrijadito Chemistry Study Program, Indonesian University of Education, Bandung, Indonesia Abstract Indonesian people love to eat ice cream as a dessert. Usually ice cream is made from cow^s milk, but soy milk also can be used as the main ingredient of ice cream specifically for those who are lactose intolerant. The functional properties of ice cream can be enhanced by adding antioxidant sources such as jamun fruit and natural sugars such as stevia. This study aims to determine the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and organoleptic acceptability of soy milk ice cream fortified with jamun fruit and stevia. The methods used included the production of jamun and stevia extracts, production of soy milk, production of eleven variants of fortified jamun and stevia ice cream, namely V1 as a control without stevia and jamun- V2 as a sugar control substituted with 1% stevia without the addition of jamun fruit- V3, V4, and V5 with added jamun fruit paste (15%, 20%, and 25%) in V2- V6,V7, V8 added 5% stevia in jamun fruit paste (15%, 20%, and 25%) in V2- and V9, V10, and V11 added 10% stevia in jamun fruit paste (15%, 20%, and 25%) in V2. The production results were tested for organoleptic, physicochemical (total solids, overrun, melting time, protein, and phytochemical), and antioxidant activity. The results showed that V10 (addition of 10% stevia and 20% jamun fruit) was the best composition for every aspects. The V10 results meet SNI standards, namely with a solids total of 33.07- overrun 30%, melting time 20 minutes, protein content 3.09, and antioxidant activity 73.95%. Keywords: antioxidant activity, ice cream, jamun, physicochemical, stevia Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Florentina Maria Titin Supriyanti)

34	Chemistry	ABS-101
Senyawa Turunan Ftalat dari Fraksi Non-Polar Kayu Batang Andaliman (Zathoxylum acanthopodium DC.) Asal Sumatera Utara Eka Nikita Pratiwi (a), Vidia Afina Nuraini (b), Iqbal Musthapa (c*) (a,b,c) Program Studi Kimia, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Setiabudi 229 Bandung 40154, Indonesia Abstract Tanaman andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) merupakan salah satu tanaman genus Zanthoxylum yang sangat melimpah di Sumatera Utara. Tanaman Z. acanthopodium DC. ini telah dimanfaatkan masyarakat secara tradisional untuk mengobati berbagai macam penyakit. Beberapa metabolit sekunder yang dilaporkan terkandung dalam tanaman genus Zanthoxylum diantaranya kumarin, flavonoid, lignan, terpenoid, steroid, amida, alkaloid dan turunan ftalat. Pada penelitian ini, senyawa turunan ftalat berhasil diisolasi dari fraksi nonpolar kayu batang Z. acanthopodium DC. yang diidentifikasi sebagai di(2-etilheksil)ftalat berdasarkan data IR dan NMR. Keywords: Zanthoxylum, Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC., di(2-etilheksil)ftalat Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Eka Nikita Pratiwi)

35	Chemistry	ABS-102
Silver Recovery from e-Waste Printed Circuit Board Using Biner and Terner Deep Eutectic Solvent Soja Siti Fatimah (a*), Omay Sumarna(a), Abraham Mora(a), Arrizal Abdul Aziz(a) a)Chemistry Studi Program, Faculty of Matethematic and Science Education Abstract This research aims to optimize the extraction of silver metal from Printed Circuit Board (PCB) waste using Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) based on choline chloride and glycerol (glycerin DES), and compare it with DES based on choline chloride, glycerol, and citric acid (ternary DES). This research method adopts a solvometallurgical approach with leaching process as the main focus to obtain maximum silver metal extracts. Instruments used in this research include Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to analyze the bond interactions formed in DES and X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) to determine the percentage of metals before and after leaching. The characterization results reveal that the silver metal content in PCB is 2.32%, and there is broadening and shifting of the peak spectrum in DES indicating the formation of new intermolecular interactions, namely C-OH···Cl interaction. The leaching process of silver metal from PCB using glycerin DES is optimized by considering the effects of leaching time and solid-liquid (S/L) ratio. The optimization results indicate the optimal leaching time is 16 hours with a silver metal extract of 56.80%. The optimal S/L ratio is 1/20 resulting in a silver extract of 86.77%. The use of DES terner yields a silver extract of 93.65%, surpassing glycerin DES. The more acidic DES terner enhances proton activity and accelerates chemical reaction kinetics, making it more effective in leaching silver metal from PCB waste. The use of DES terner demonstrates potential as an effective method for leaching silver metal from PCB waste samples, offering a sustainable solution for electronic waste processing. Keywords: electronic waste, PCB, silver metal, DES, leaching, optimization Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Soja Siti Fatimah)

36	Chemistry	ABS-106
Effect of Germination Conditions on the Reduction and Modification Products of Ochratoxin A in Peanuts Azizah Nurdiana (a*), Amelinda Pratiwi (a), Alifa L Dewi (a), Widya P Septiani (a), Siti Aisyah (a) a) Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jalan Dr. Setiabudi 40154, Indonesia *azizahnurdiana28[at]gmail.com Abstract Food safety is an important aspect that must be considered. One of the causes of unsafe food consumption is mycotoxins. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin found in peanuts that is nephrotoxic and considered to have potential carcinogenic effects. OTA detoxification methods can be carried out biologically, such as through germination, and also through physical methods, namely using light. This study employs a modified method combining germination with light exposure. The aim of this research is to determine the effects of conditions germination in the dark and light on the reduction and modification product OTA in germinated peanuts.Peanuts were spiked with 100 ppb of OTA, followed by light-assisted germination (white light and blue light) and dark germination. Subsequently, analysis was conducted using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) with the Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) method to observe the reduction of OTA at m/z OTA 404 with product ions 358.85, 239.00, and 221.00. Furthermore, an analysis of modified OTA products was performed using the Product Ion Scan (PIS) method within the m/z range of 100 - 1000 to elucidate OTA product changes.The UHPLC-MS/MS analysis using the MRM method revealed a percentage reduction of OTA by 89.25% during dark germination. Meanwhile, white light-assisted germination resulted in a reduction of 98.39%, and blue light-assisted germination showed a reduction of 82.59%. The addition of light during germination is believed to influence enzyme performance during the germination process, leading to OTA reduction.The PIS analysis results indicated structural changes in OTA. These structural changes in OTA are likely due to reactions occurring during the germination and light-assisted germination processes. Therefore, it can be concluded that light-assisted germination, particularly with white light, holds the potential as a method to reduce OTA in peanuts. Keywords: Germination, Light, Ochratoxin A, Peanuts, UHPLC-MS/MS Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Azizah Nurdiana)

37	Chemistry	ABS-114
Impact of Germination, Fermentation and Combined Germination-Fermentation on Phytic Acids of Lablab purpureus Siti Aisyah*, Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh, Alifia Vidiashtari Nabilla, Adzra Zahra Ziva, Kinanti Aulia Putri, Amelinda Pratiwi Chemistry Study Program, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract Legumes are known as a source of protein. However, they contain anti-nutritional compounds including phytic acid. This study investigated the phytic acid reduction of Lablab purpureus by using germination, fermentation and the combination of germination-fermentation techniques. The germination for 24h reduced the phytic acid of lablab bean by 4.33%, of which the reduction was higher when the germination was extended up to 72h. The solid fermentation by using tempe starter decreased the phytic acid of lablab bean by 10.6%. Interestingly, the phytic acid level was significantly decreased (42.35%) when the germination for 48h was performed prior to fermentation. It can be concluded that germination before solid fermentation is the potential technique to reduce the phytic acid content. Keywords: Phytic acid, legumes, UV-VIS spectrophotometer, germination, fermentation, tempe starter, Rhizopus sp. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Siti Aisyah)

38	Chemistry	ABS-138
Molecular docking and pharmacokinetics properties of active peptide derived from fish collagen as Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) inhibitor for wound healing application Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh, Gun Gun Gumilar, Faradhina Salfa Nindya, Selmi Fiqhi Khoiriah Program Studi Kimia, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is one of the members of zinc-dependent endopeptidase that is responsible for extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling during skin wound repair. Inhibiting the MMP-9 activities can promote the wound repair process and prevent chronic wounds. The in silico approach provides high throughput screening of promising potential inhibitors for MMP-9. The natural inhibitors were derived from in silico hydrolysis of Salmo salar fish collagen. The toxicity and allergenicity tests were evaluated to select active peptides that are nontoxic and nonallergenic. It was found several active peptides, such as WF (Trp-Phe), YW (Tyr-Trp), SWY (Ser-Trp-Tyr), PM (Pro-Met), GGG (Gly-Gly-Gly), VW (Val-Trp), FQ (Phe-Gln), FT (Phe-Thr), HF (His-Phe), FR (Phe-Arg), HFR (His-Phe-Arg), CF (Cys-Phe), have good binding interactions with MMP-9. All of the peptides may be considered as MMP-9 inhibitors. For assessing the effect of these peptides, the pharmacokinetics analysis was carried out using SWISSADME in order to design novel bioactive candidates of MMP-9. The results show the in silico drug design approach has notorious peptides that have high binding affinities and exhibit favorable pharmacokinetics profiles. In vitro and in vivo clinical trials should be conducted to support the in silico findings. Keywords: MMP-9, inhibitor, matrix metaloproteinase, peptida aktif Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh)

39	Chemistry	ABS-141
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON POTENTIAL USE OF PVA/GA/POM/C HYDROGEL FOR BINDER COMPONENT ON SLOW/CONTROLLED-RELEASE FERTILIZER Hendrawan Hendrawan, Diah Indriati, Kanthi Pawening Tyas, Hafiz Aji Aziz Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract In previous study, it had been shown that introduction of dispersed carbon nanotube (CNT) into hydrogel made from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), glutaraldehyde (GA), and Premna Oblongifolia Merr. (POM) - denoted as PVA/GA/POM/CNT - can increase its agrochemical performance in term of Slow/Controlled-release fertilizers (S/CRFs) parameters. For practical consideration, dispersed charcoal (C) - which is also carbon-based material - was selected as replacement of CNT. This study is performed in 2 phases, which are (1) synthesis of hydrogel based on combination of PVA, GA, POM and C- and (2) investigation of the physicochemical properties and agrochemical performance of the hydrogel. The hydrogel synthesized include PVA/GA/POM, PVA/GA/POM/CNT, and PVA/GA/POM/Cx (x = 1, 3, 5, 7, 9). The physicochemical properties tested was the hydrophilicity aspects, while the agrochemical parameters tested were swelling ratio (SR), water retention (WR), and desorption of nutrient from hydrogel. This study shows that PVA/GA/POM/C1 exhibit comparable performance to PVA/GA/POM/CNT in term of SR and WR. Even though PVA/GA/POM is less hydrophilic compared to PVA/GA/POM/CNT and PVA/GA/POM/C1, there was indication that it is more easily ruptured in SR testing. Equilibrium condition of KCl release process into aqua-dm from PVA/GA/POM/C1 was reached more rapidly than that from PVA/GA/POM/CNT. On the other hand, release of KCl from PVA/GA/POM and PVA/GA/POM/C1 reached equilibrium within comparable time, however PVA/GA/POM was able to desorb more KCl. Keywords: Charcoal, carbon nanotube, glutaraldehyde, slow/controlled release fertilizer, poly(vinyl alcohol), Premna Oblongifolia Merr. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (HENDRAWAN HENDRAWAN)

40	Chemistry	ABS-157
Valorization of Indonesian Low Grade Laterite Nickel: Valuable Metal Recovery Using Eutectic Based Ionic Liquids Ahmad Mudzakir*1, Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto1, Eddy Heraldy2, Jon Efendi3, Karina Mulya Rizky1, Mia Widyaningsih1 and Yohanes Ivan Benaya Parlindungan Nainggolan1 1. Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi 229 Bandung, 40154, West Java, Indonesia 2. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jalan Ir. Sutami 36 Kentingan, Jebres, Surakarta, 57126, Middle Java, Indonesia 3. Universitas Negeri Padang, Jln. Prof. Dr. Hamka, Air Tawar, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia *Corresponding email: mudzakir.kimia[at]upi.edu Abstract Keywords: Indonesian Low Grade Laterite Nickel- Valuable Metal Recovery- Eutectic Based Ionic Liquids Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ahmad Mudzakir)

41	Chemistry	ABS-158
Dissolution Study of Lignin from Coconut Fiber as Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Eutectic Based Ionic Liquids Ahmad Mudzakir*1, Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto1, Eddy Heraldy2, Jon Efendi3, Karina Mulya Rizky1, Mia Widyaningsih1 and Lewi Stefanus Anggiat1 1. Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi 229 Bandung, 40154, West Java, Indonesia 2. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jalan Ir. Sutami 36 Kentingan, Jebres, Surakarta, 57126, Middle Java, Indonesia 3. Universitas Negeri Padang, Jln. Prof. Dr. Hamka, Air Tawar, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia *Corresponding email: mudzakir.kimia[at]upi.edu Abstract Lignin is one of the main components in lignocellulose, the second most abundant after cellulose in the biosphere. Many applications are the potential use of lignin as a substitute for petroleum-based materials and energy. However, the structure and complexity of lignin limits its use and conversion as a value-added chemical. The purpose of this study was to study the chemical process of lignin dissolution and delignification of lignocellulose-containing biomass waste such as coconut fibers while also studying antifungal activity using eutectic based ionic liquids (EILs) based on choline chloride. EILs in this study were synthesized by simple heating method on two of its constituent components, oxalic acid and ZnCl2. EILs that were successfully synthesized were subjected to an FTIR-NMR study and their density was measured. The synthesized EILs were used in the dissolution and delignification of lignin from coconut fiber and bamboo coatings in fungal resistance tests. The results of the EILs synthesis showed that ionic liquids were successfully synthesized from their form which is a colorless homogeneous liquid with a density of 1.2864 g/cm3 and 1.7526 g/cm3 for EILs CO and CZ, respectively. FTIR studies on EILs confirmed that EILs were successfully synthesized. The maximum solubility study of the synthesized EILs on lignin- cellulose was 42.03%- 5.44% and 32.51%- 7.73% for CO and CZ EILs, respectively. The maximum solubility study of the synthesized EILs on lignin- cellulose was 42.03%- 5.44% and 32.51%- 7.73% for CO and CZ EILs, respectively. FTIR studies confirmed delignified lignin which was shown to be at a peak intensity in the 1700-1400 cm-1 region as a characteristic peak of lignin. The characteristics of coconut fiber after delignification showed an increase in intensity for the functional groups present in cellulose, as shown by the FTIR results. The results of the fungal resistance test showed that for 18 days after inoculation (dai), the growth of fungi on bamboo coated with EILs could be inhibited better by CZ. EILs inhibition ability CZ > CO in inhibiting all three fungi present in this study. Keywords: Dissolution- Lignin- Coconut Fiber- Lignocellulosic Biomass- Eutectic Based Ionic Liquids Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ahmad Mudzakir)

42	Chemistry	ABS-169
Development of Ionic Liquids as Ideal Green and Economical Solvents in Metallic Mineral Extraction Applications: A Review Andika Purnama Shidiq, Asep Kadarrohman, Ahmad Mudzakir* Department Of Chemistry, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia Abstract This article aims to present a comprehensive study of the application of ionic liquids as an ideal green and economical solvent in metal mineral processing. As promising solvents, Ionic Liquids (ILs) have long been developed and explored by various academic circles and the industrial community. The advantage of ILs solvents that each component can be engineered provides a great opportunity to be able to adjust its characteristics and properties according to needs. Some of the characteristics of ILs such as low price, non-toxic, recyclable, easily biodegradable and ease of access to raw materials have great potential for use in various fields of application. Processing of metal minerals is one of the fields of application of ILs that has been widely reported and has answered various waste problems related to solvents in various industries. Keywords: Keywords: ionic liquids- ideal solvent, extraction, minerals processing, review Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Andika Purnama Shidiq)

43	Chemistry	ABS-172
A Multiple Ligand Docking Study of Phycocyanin Peptide as Antibacterial Agent: Mechanism and Inhibition against LpxC Protein Ni Putu Yunika Arindita(1), Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh(1*), Siti Aisyah(1), Selmi Fiqhi Khoiriah(2) 1)Department of Chemistry, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung 40154, Indonesia 2)Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia Abstract The rise of antibiotic resistance has become a global health concern, necessitating the search for alternative antibacterial agents. The potential of peptide-based antibacterial agents derived from C-phycocyanin was investigated through molecular docking in light of the growing need for novel therapies to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Multiple ligands docking techniques were employed to investigate the binding interactions between bioactive peptide phycocyanin (AF (Ala-Phe), AC (Ala-Cys), APG (Ala-Pro-Gly), MA (Met-Ala), PG (Pro-Gly), YF(Tyr-Phe), TF (Thr-Phe), YCL (Tyr-Cys-Leu) and ASYF (Ala-Ser-Tyr-Phe)) against the LpxC protein from Pseudomonas aeruginosa as an antibacterial target. Multiple ligand AC-AF displayed the highest affinity value of -15.4 kcal/mol, indicating its potential as an antibacterial agent compared to its native ligand BB-78485, which had an affinity value of -9.7 kcal/mol. The results of molecular docking showed favorable binding interactions between multiple ligand peptide phycocyanin and the active site residues of LpxC. Key amino acid residues involved in ligand-protein interactions were identified, including hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic contacts and van der Waals forces. In silico ADMET evaluations of phytochemical peptide ligands revealed that all peptides except YCL and ASYF were Lipinski^s rule of five and exhibited drug-like properties. Keywords: phycocyanin, antibacterial, peptide docking, LpxC protein Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ni Putu Yunika Arindita)

44	Chemistry	ABS-179
Utilization of Various Zeolites from Fly Ash as Sorbents For Amoxicillin and Clindamycin Maryono, Budiman Anwar, Galuh Yuliani* Chemistry Study Programme, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia *Galuh[at]upi.edu Abstract The performance of four zeolites prepared from fly ash (ZFA), namely Z1 1:2 (ZFA-Zeolite F & ECR-10), Z2 1:2,5 (ZFA-Gismondine), Z3 1:2 (ZFA-Gismondine & Faujasite), and Z4 1:2,5 (Gismondine) was evaluated for the removal of two antibiotics, namely amoxicillin and clindamycin from aqueous solutions. Zeolite samples were prepared using the hydrothermal method. Fly ash was autoclave at 95&deg-C, washed, dried in an oven at 50&deg-C and 95&deg-C for 9,11,15 hours. and then sieved using a 100 mesh sieve. The characterization of zeolite was carried out using XRD analyses. The concentrations of amoxicillin and clindamycin were measured using UV-VIS spectroscopy. The adsorption study was carried out using a batch method with a time variation of 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes. Determination of optimum pH was conducted with a variation of pH 2.01- 4.40- 6.70- 9,92- 12,02 for amoxicillin and pH 2.32- 5.65- 7,82- 9.93- 12.03 for clindamycin. To study the adsorption mechanism, the adsorption data were plotted using Langmuir, Freundlich, and BET isotherms. The optimization results show that the optimum contact time was at 120 minutes for both amoxicillin and clindamycin. The optimum pH was found to be 12.02 for amoxicillin and pH 7,82 For clindamycin. The adsorption data follows the Langmuir isotherm model with a correlation coefficient (R2) for Z2-AMX and Z4-CLM were 0.990 and 0.994 respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity for Z2-AMX and Z4-CLM was 44.843 mg/g and 22.421 mg/g respectively. Keywords: Zeolite- Adsorption capacity- Amoxicillin- Clindamycin Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Maryono -)

45	Chemistry Education	ABS-9
Implementation of Blended Learning Flex Model to Improve Chemistry Learning Outcomes in Acid and Base of Class XI MIPA SMAN 4 Pekanbaru Maria Erna (a)*, Abdullah (a), Faira Yovanie (a) (a)Faculty of Teacher Training and Education,Universitas Riau *mariaerna[at]lecturer.unri.ac.id Abstract The implementation of less effective learning models causes low student chemistry learning outcomes, so a learning model that involves students is needed to be active and independent. In this study, the Flex model Blended Learning was applied which can improve learning outcomes on acid and base. The research method used is Quasi Experimental with Nonequivalent Group Pretest Posttest Design. The results showed there was an increase in chemistry learning outcomes on acid and base at SMA Negeri 4 Pekanbaru. The data analysis techniques used are parametric tests in the form of normality tests, homogeneity test, N-Gain tests, and hypothesis tests. The results of the analysis showed that the data obtained were normally distributed and homogeneous. After obtaining normal and homogeneous distributed data, the N-Gain test is carried out. The N-Gain value has been obtained, then hypothesis test is carried out. The results of the hypothesis test showed an increase in learning outcomes after the implementation of the Flex Blended Learning model on acid and base. Keywords: Blended Learning, Flex Model, Learning Outcomes Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Maria Erna)

46	Chemistry Education	ABS-13
DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENT WORK SHEET BASED ON THE CONSTRUCTIVISM ON SUBJECT OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II STUDY PROGRAM OF CHEMISTRY EDUCATION OF FKIP UR Susilawati* Jimmi Copriady, Maria Erna, Hasnah, Rendra, Nurul Auliya Nisa and Okma Rahmatya Study Program of Magister of Chemistry Education of FKIP, Universitas Riau Abstract The learning of organic chemistry in Study Program of Chemistry Education, FKIP UR has not been using an effective, innovative and valid of student^s work sheet (SWS). Lecturers try to develop of SWS based on contructivism in organic chemistry II course. The formulation of the problem in the research is: how to develop SWS based on constructivism that valid in organic chemistry II course?. The type of this research was R and D (reseach and development) with the 4-D development model which include Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. This research was to develop phase and be continue with a definite tryout. This research was conducted in FKIP Universitas Riau. The object of this research was the SWS based on the contructivism at material aldehyde ketones, carboxylic acids, amines, and free radicals. The data analysis technique used for this research was descriptive statistic. The descriptive analysis done by calculated the percentage of validation value. The average score of valuation to five expediency aspect of SWS by validator^s team, such as the didactic, construct (course and language), technical and characteristic of constructivism has expediency value continued is 94,66%, 98,44%, 96,29%, 92,20% and 95,02%. Thus, the average score totality of SWS based on the contructivism subject of organic chemistry II is 95,32% which is in valid criteria, means that the SWS developed is proper to be use. Whereas percentage response of student to SWS is 85,90% with very good criteria. Keywords: Development, Student^s Work Sheet, SWS, Contructivism, and Organic Chemistry II. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Susilawati Susilawati)

47	Chemistry Education	ABS-34
Performance Assessment Model in Experimental Electrolysis for High School Students Wiwi Siswaningsih(a*), Ali Kusrijadi(a), Triannisa Rahmawati(a), Rini Pitriyani(a), Meida Mediani Pratiwi(a) (a) Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education, Indonesia University of Education Jalan Dr. Setiabudi 229, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia *wiwisiswaningsih[at]upi.edu Abstract This study aims to produce a performance assessment model in the form of tasks and rubrics on experimental electrolysis for high school students that are valid, reliable, and practical. The method used in this research is the development and validation method with participants as many as 12 students of class XI MIPA in one of the public high schools in Bandung City. The instruments used are interview sheets for preliminary studies, grid sheet, validation sheet, student worksheet, observation sheets that refer to 6 skill indicators, 29 tasks (performance aspects), and rubrics on experimental electrolysis using google form, and a practicality test questionnaire. The results showed that the performance assessment model in experimental electrolysis has four stages, namely the planning, development, validation, and limited trial stages. Content validity for tasks and rubrics seen from the CVR value showed that 29 tasks were declared valid based on suitability with indicators of hands on and minds on skills, while 28 tasks were declared valid for suitability with rubrics. For reliability, 15 tasks were obtained in the excellent category, 13 tasks in the good category, and 1 task was acceptable, and had a practicality value of 3.8, and could be classified as a very practical performance assessment model. Based on the results of validity, reliability, and practicality values, the developed tasks and rubrics can be used as a performance assessment model in experimental electrolysis for high school students. Keywords: Performance assessment- Task- Rubric- Experimental electrolysis Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Wiwi Siswaningsih)

48	Chemistry Education	ABS-54
Revitalising Chemistry Education through Computational Thinking Board Games for Quality Education in Indonesia Dian Ilmiyati (a*), Elsyafahriza Risky (b), Uwes Chaeruman(a) a) The State University of Jakarta, Faculty of Education Technlogy Jl. Rawamangun Muka Raya N0.11, Kec. Pulogadung, Jakarta Timur 13220, Indonesia *dianilmiyati[at]gmail.com b) Nurul Fikri Boarding School Bogor, Jl. Jami Sukaluyu, Kec. Tamansari, Kab. Bogor, Jawa Barat 16610 elsyafahriza15001[at]mail.unpad.ac.id Abstract The low results of the Minimum Competency Assessment (MCA) in the numeracy literacy section of students are because critical thinking & problem solving are still not honed in classroom learning activities. Computational Thinking (CT) learning is becoming increasingly important in today^s education to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The development of board games into one of the techniques to hone problem-solving skills is by integrating Computational Thinking Skills in the learning process. Through this approach, abstract concepts in atomic structure chemistry and the periodic system of elements are integrated into game elements. This method aims to improve students^ understanding of complex materials such as quantum numbers and azimuths. This research includes the design, development, and implementation stages of board games in learning. Results showed a significant increase in students^ understanding of the chemistry concept test after playing the board game. In addition, students provided positive feedback regarding engagement and interest in learning through this interactive approach. These results indicate that the use of CT-integrated board games can be an effective tool for teaching chemistry materials at the high school level while promoting students^ computational thinking skills. Well-designed board games can be used as effective learning tools in line with the fourth point in the Sustainable Development Goals. Keywords: boardgames, computational thinking, numeracy literacy, sustainable development goals Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dian Ilmiyati)

49	Chemistry Education	ABS-68
Need Analysis Of Development Instagram As A Learning Media For Qualitative Analysis Group III IV, and V Cations Frisca Nadya Safitri, Hayuni Retno Widarti, Yudhi Utomo State University Of Malang Abstract This study aims to analyze the needs of Instagram media development as a learning media for Qualitative Analysis of Group III, IV, and V Cations. The research was conducted on fifth-semester students of the 2023/2024 academic year in the Chemistry Education Study Program, State University of Malang. Research variables include the effectiveness of the use of learning media and teaching and learning processes in the Qualitative Analytical Chemistry course. The type of research conducted is qualitative descriptive research. Research data were collected using interviews and questionnaires which were then analyzed descriptively. The results obtained in this study show that all students of Chemistry Education State University of Malang, fifth semester have Instagram that is used regularly with a duration of 3-4 hours and more than 4 hours per day. Based on the results of interviews and questionnaires stated that most students tend to use Instagram more than 4 hours a day. Instagram media in the average is used for social, play, and entertainment purposes. So far, chemistry education lecturers have not applied Instagram media as a learning media, so researchers are interested in developing Instagram media in the form of Feeds and Video Reels as learning media for qualitative analysis of groups III, IV, and V cations. Keywords: Instagram, Learning Media, Media Development Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Frisca Nadya Safitri)

50	Chemistry Education	ABS-107
Implementation of a based learning project on reaction rate material in the context of making liquid organic fertilizer to develop students^ mastery of concepts Omay Sumarna, Ruci Aditya Rushiana, Sjaeful Anwar, M. Nurul Hana Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract This research aims to develop students^ mastery of concepts in reaction rate material in the context of making liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) from bamboo shoots through the implementation of a project based learning model. The research method used is educational design research (EDR), which was initiated by Plomp. A limited trial was carried out on 27 students at one of the high schools in Cimahi City. The instruments used are the Learning Implementation Plan (LIP) feasibility sheet and concept mastery test questions. The results of the research show that the LIP developed is suitable for use to develop students^ mastery of concepts. This is indicated by the average N-gain value for students^ concept mastery of 0.66, including the medium category. Keywords: Please Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Omay Sumarna)

51	Chemistry Education	ABS-110
Analysis of Research Trends in Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) Competences in Environmental Chemistry Learning: A Bibliometric Analysis Using VOSviewer Murbangun Nuswowati (a*), Harjito (a), Abdul Jabbar (b), Muhamad Taufiq (c) a) Chemistry Education, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia *mnuswowati[at]mail.unnes.ac.id b) Environmental Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia c) Natural Sciences Education, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia Abstract Plastic waste, especially used packaging products, has the potential to damage and pollute the environment. Packaging product waste, especially plastic materials, is also one of the largest sources of environmental pollution worldwide. The issue of plastic waste is a problem that must be resolved immediately in various ways, including through the Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) process. The aim of this research is to know the development of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) competences in Environmental Chemistry Learning in scientific articles in Scopus. The methodology used in this study is of a bibliometric nature with an analysis of the development in the scientific literature and co-words. The articles have been studied using Scopus database for last ten years (2013-2023). Scopus and VOSviewer were used to extract the results and a total of 602 manuscripts were analysed. We limit the search in the Scopus database to only the subject area of social sciences, environmental science and chemistry and document types of article journals and conference papers. The bibliometric analysis reveals several interesting findings. First, there is a growing interest in topic of ESD Competences in Environmental Chemistry Learning, as indicated by the increasing number of publications over the ten last years. Second, the identified main research themes include innovative approaches to train ESD competences in Environmental Chemistry Learning, which still have significant potential for further development. This is clearly depicted in the network, density, and overlay visualizations based on co-citation networks. Third, overall, this study contributes to referencing the relationship between ESD Competences and environmental chemistry Learning. Finally, a discussion and conclusion of the results has been carried out, which can serve as a turning point for future lines of research on the development of an environmental chemistry course program to improve ESD Competences. Keywords: Environmental Chemistry Learning- ESD Competences- Scopus- VOSviewer. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhamad Taufiq)

52	Chemistry Education	ABS-130
The Effectiveness of C-R-E-A-T-E Model through TCOF in Making Natural Voltaic Cell to Build High School Student^s Creativity Wawan Wahyu and Ali Kusrijadi Chemistry Education Study Program Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract In recent, researches about students^ creativity are still being developed because students^ creativity is a part of 21st century skills. Connecting-Restructuring-Elaborating-Applying-Tasking-Evaluating (C-R-E-A-T-E) model is an alternative model to build students^ creativity. The implementation of the model has been done in SMA Labschool UPI toward 20 students as the subject of this research. The method of this research is descriptive study. The instrument used is Teaching for Creativity Observation Form (TCOF). The result of this research is that the implementation of C-R-E-A-T-E model through TCOF is effective with ^very well^ category. Keywords: C-R-E-A-T-E model, TCOF, students^ creativity Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Wawan Wahyu, Dr. M.Pd.)

53	Chemistry Education	ABS-131
The Influence of Guided Inquiry-Based Practical LKPD on Voltaic Cell Material from Carbonated Drinks Hokcu Suhanda, Maqo Al Syuqur Charriamansyah, Triannisa Rahmawati, Asep Suryatna Chemistry Education Study Program Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract The Effect guided inquiry-based practicum student worksheets (SW) was research that aims to produce practicum SW that is in line with inquiry skill indicators in order to direct students to discover concepts independently. The research method used is Educational Design Research. Data sources were obtained from 12 class The instruments used to obtain data include: SW suitability test sheets for guided inquiry indicators, concept suitability test sheets, grammar suitability test sheets, as well as layout and appearance suitability test sheets, implementation observation sheets, student answer assessment rubrics and questionnaire sheets. student responses. The practicum SW that was developed was prepared based on optimum practicum procedures, indicators of inquiry skills, and requirements for writing good SW. The results of suitability tests by lecturers and teachers show that the suitability of the SW components developed with the specified aspects is in the good category. The results of the practicum implementation using the guided inquiry-based SW that was developed showed good results seen from the results of students^ answers and observer assessments through observation sheets. The response shown by the students towards the developed SW was also categorized as good. Keywords: Guided inquiry, practicum, Student Worksheets (SW), voltaic cells, carbonated drinks Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (HOKCU SUHANDA)

54	Chemistry Education	ABS-132
Development of Intertextual-Based Learning Video on Voltaic Cell Sri Mulyani, Salma Khairunnisa, Tuszie Widhiyanti, Wiji Indonesia University of Education, Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi No.229, Bandung City, West Jawa 40154 *salmakhairunnisa[at]upi.edu Abstract The aim of this research is to produce an intertextual-based learning video product on Volta cell material so that it becomes a tool for students in studying Volta cells. The characteristics of the video developed according to Riyana based on Riyana with additional links between content aspects, pedagogical aspects, and media aspects. The research method used is small-scale R&D. A review of intertextual-based learning videos in the Volta cell has been carried out by three content experts, three pedagogy experts, and a media expert. The results of the review of content aspects, pedagogical aspects, and media aspects have been stated to be in accordance with the criteria for content aspects, pedagogical aspects, and media aspects with several suggestions for improvement. Teachers and students at one of the high schools in Bandung City gave a very good response. Keywords: chemical multiple representation, intertextual, video learning, pedagogic, Voltaic cel. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Salma Khairunnisa -)

55	Chemistry Education	ABS-135
Development of Intertextual-Based Learning Videos on Buffer Solution Tuszie Widhiyanti, Dinda Hafizha Safari, Sri Mulyani, Wiji Indonesia University of Education Abstract This research aims to produce intertextual-based learning video products using buffer solution material. The research method used is the small-scale Research and Development (R&D) method. The result of this research is a learning video with characteristics adapted according to Riyana^s opinion as well as additional characteristics, namely linking content aspects, pedagogical aspects, and media aspects. The concept explained in the learning video in this research is the difference between buffer and non-buffer solutions, components, and working principles. buffer solution. The concepts presented are equipped with practical videos and explanations supported by submicroscopic images and animations. The results of the review by experts on the content aspects, pedagogical aspects, and media aspects of the learning videos developed were stated to be by several notes. Likewise, the results of teachers^ and students^ responses to the developed learning videos gave very good responses. Keywords: learning videos, intertextual, multirepresentation, buffer solutions, chemistry. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dinda Hafizha Safari)

56	Chemistry Education	ABS-139
Intertextual-Based Educational Game on the Effect of Concentration on Equilibrium Shifts Wiji Wiji and Tiara Hazar Insani Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract This research is aimed to produce an intertextual-based educational game on the concept of the effect of concentration on equilibrium shift. The research stages include analysis of existing educational games- analysis of Basic Competencies, multiple representations, and misconceptions- making flowcharts and storyboards- educational game development and validation- as well as trials and teacher and student responses. Educational games on the concept of the effect of concentration on equilibrium shift have been declared valid by 5 experts with chemistry, chemistry education, and multimedia backgrounds. Teacher respondents gave positive responses to the application of learning principles, clarity of learning steps, characters or animations, videos, and navigation. Students gave positive responses to aspects of interest, involvement, understanding of concepts, appearance, and usefulness of educational games. Keywords: educational games, intertextual, equilibrium shift Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Wiji Wiji)

57	Chemistry Education	ABS-145
Portable Laboratory Kit for Students Self Learning of Factors that Affect Reaction Rates Tuszie Widhiyanti1, a), Jihan Assyifa Fatihah1, , Sri Mulyani1, Wiji Wiji1 Chemistry Education Study Program Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract This research aims to develop an intertextual-based laboratory kit with the Predict-observe-explain (POE) model and its implementation to improve students^ mastery of the concept of factors that affect reaction rates. This laboratory kit can be used in schools that have limited laboratories and can be used outside the school environment. This laboratory kit consists of practicum tools and materials which are also equipped with student worksheets and teacher guides for using them with the POE learning syntax. The research method used is a mix method with an embedded experiment model, and a one group pretest-posttest design. This kit was validated by 3 experts. The pretest and posttest were carried out before and after testing the laboratory kit in learning using the POE model with 24 class XI high school participants in the city of Bandung. Then, interviews were conducted with teachers and students to assess their perceptions of the laboratory kit. The results of the pretest-posttest analysis showed a significant increase. There are 9 out of 24 students have a complete understanding of the concept of the effect of structure on reaction rate, 13 of 24 students of the effect of ionization energy on reaction rate, 20 of 24 students of the effect of surface area on reaction rate, 15 out of 24 students of the effect of homogeneous catalyst on the reaction rate, and 18 out of 24 students of the effect of a heterogeneous catalyst on the reaction rate. The results of interviews with teachers and students provide information that learning the concept of factors that affect reaction rates using laboratory equipment is something new, so it motivates students and makes students very challenged at the prediction stage. Therefore, this laboratory kit has the potential to be used as an alternative medium for students to study concepts independently Keywords: laboratory kit, intertextual, POE, concept mastery, factors determining reaction rate. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tuszie Widhiyanti)

58	Chemistry Education	ABS-147
DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS THROUGH PJBL MODEL STUDENT WORKSHEETS ON CALORIMETER TEACHING MATERIAL WITH THE CONTEXT OF MAKING TAPE FROM SWEET POTATOS Sjaeful Anwar, Diana Novaulya Sukmarabbani, Omay Sumarna Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia, FPMIPA, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract ABSTRAK This research aims to produce PjBL model students^ worksheets to develop students^ science process skills in Calorimeter teaching material in the context of making tape from sweet potatoes. The research method used is the Design and Development Research method, including analysis, planning, production and evaluation stages. At the analysis stage, an analysis of the basic competencies in the 2013 curriculum was carried out. At the planning stage, LKS designs were made. At the production stage, experimental optimization was carried out, namely making tape from sweet potatoes, developing LKS using the PjBL model and developing science process skills. Optimization was carried out to determine the optimum results of the experiment in making tape from sweet potatoes to be used as a basis for developing the PjBL model worksheet on calorimeter material. Based on the optimization results, the most optimum temperature was obtained, namely the temperature that was easy for students to read in the tape fermentation experiment. As an evaluation stage, the worksheet that had been developed was tested for suitability by 2 lecturers and 1 chemistry teacher, followed by a comprehension test involving 20 class XI students at SMAN Margahayu. The results of the LKS feasibility test showed that the LKS developed was very feasible with a score of 98.1%. The comprehensibility test results obtained a score of 99%, indicating that almost all students can understand the worksheet in developing students^ science process skills. Keywords: Student Worksheet, PjBL Model, Science Process Skills, Calorimeter, Fermentation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sjaeful Anwar)

59	Chemistry Education	ABS-156
THE IMPROVEMENT OF SCIENTIFIC LITERACY STUDENTS THROUGH LKM -SCAFFOLDING FOR UNDERGRADUATE CHEMISTRY, PROGRAMS SCHOOL OF EDUCATION - UNIVERSITAS RIAU Asmadi M.Noer, Rozalinda, Mega S, Hanum S. Prodi Pendidikan Kimia, FKIP- Universitas Riau Abstract Towards 21st century Science learning (chemistry), teachers, especially prospec-tive chemistry teachers are expected to be able to compete in the global era. The effort to compete is to prepare qualified candidates, as well as mastering the con-tent and mastering the delivery of content itself. The results of several years^ ob-servations of PPL-1 (practice teaching field) prospective teachers have limited learning practices- show that prospective teachers/students are still weak. Stu-dents show a limited elaboration of the concepts and the ability to read textbooks in the field of chemistry as well. To help students master, and more easily under-stand the contents of textbooks, a student E-LKM book has been created - based on the student needs and tested on students taking the English Chemistry Course. The E-LKM developed is Scaffolding-based - by assisting in the form of chemi-cal vocabulary/terminology and other difficult vocabulary in the text. The trial re-sults showed that students were enthusiastic about learning - motivated and the results of the ARCS motivation questionnaire showed high scores Keywords: Learning Material, LKM, Chemistry, Science Literacy, Scaffolding Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Asmadi M Noer)

60	Chemistry Education	ABS-174
DEVELOPMENT OF CHEMISTRY LITERACY AND CRITICAL THINKING (CLCT) ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS ON SOLUBILITY MATERIALS AND SOLUBILITY PRODUCT CONSTANTS TO MEASURE CHEMICAL LITERACY AND CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS Harsono (a*), Nahadi (a), Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh (a) a) Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung-Indonesia *drharsono368[at]gmail.com Abstract Very rapid and global changes in various fields of science, technology, and information certainly require people to have good and critical knowledge literacy in solving various life problems. In this study, a tool for measuring students^ literacy and critical thinking skills in learning chemistry, solubility and KSP topics was developed, which was later named Chemistry, Literacy and Critical Thinking (CLCT). The CLCT assessment was developed using the Research and Development model of the Borg-Gall framework with the participants of 108 high school students in the city of Bandung. Assessment validity data were collected using instruments measuring content validity, empirical, reliability, readability, discriminating power, difficulty level and distraction function. The results showed a multiple choice CVI of 0,96, description and attitude scale 1. 6 multiple-choice indicators and a description of 4 indicators in accordance with the indicators of chemical literacy, critical thinking, and KD K-2013. Quality of questions and valid attitude statements- Reliability of high-category multiple choice, very high category description and attitude scale- The readability of CLCT is understandable- The distinguishing power of multiple choice 10 questions (very good) and 5 questions (good), description 10 questions (very good)- Multiple choice difficulty rates of 10% (moderate), 90% (easy) and 0% (difficult). As for the description of 50% (easy), 50% (medium) and 0% (difficult)- The functioning of the distractor works properly. Pearson correlation of chemical literacy with critical thinking of 0,674 is in the strong category. An R2 of 0,454 means that critical thinking contributes 45.4% to chemical literacy. The implication of this study is to identify chemical literacy and critical thinking as the development of CLCT instrument learning. In addition, it is a reference for conducting further research on the development of CLCT instruments on other chemicals. Keywords: CLCT instrument, chemical literacy, critical thinking, research and development, solubility and solubility product constant (Ksp) Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Harsono .)

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