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61	Computer Science Education	ABS-153
The Effect of Learning Through Unplugged Based on Team Assisted Individualization on the Computational Thinking Ability wahyudin, lala septem riza, eka fitrajaya, Amellya Mustikaningtyas Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract Technology facilities are one of factor that can support teaching and learning activities, especially vocational students in the realm of technology and information. Computational thinking is also one of the supporting abilities that every student must have. This is in line with the preliminary studies that researchers have done, the teacher stated that students had difficulty and were less active when learning basic programming materials caused by the limited media used and less than optimal methods. The purposes of this research is to determine the effect of unplugged media based on team assisted individualization on the computational thinking skills of vocational high school students in basic programming subjects. The method used in this research is Quasi-experiment using pretest and posttest control group design. The results of the study are: 1) the learning media was declared suitable for use with a percentage value of 94.23% including the ^Very Good^ category by media experts. (2) The learning media that has been designed can improve students^ computational thinking skills with an average gain value of 0.49 and the effectiveness criterion is ^medium^. (3) The student^s response to the use of learning media shows a percentage value of 97, 87% with the ^Very Good^ category Keywords: Unplugged Media, Team Assisted Individualization, Computational Thinking Skills. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (wahyudin wahyudin)

62	Computer Science Education	ABS-179
Computational Thinking Ability of Elementary School Pre-Service Teachers in Robotic STEAM Learning Afra Lathifah (a*), Cucuk Wawan Budiyanto (b), Rosihan Ari Yuana (c) Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia a*) afra.lathifah[at]student.uns.ac.id b) cbudiyanto[at]staff.uns.ac.id c) rosihanari[at]staff.uns.ac.id Abstract Computational thinking (CT) is an ability that must be had in the 21st century to understand and participate in a computer-based world. The Indonesian government developed CT by compiling regulations on the competencies required for CT in middle and high schools. Besides, learning needs to start since childhood, especially at the elementary school level. In addition, training computational thinking in teaching and learning requires readiness from the educator. Recently the concept of STEAM learning and the use of robotics technology in the world of education emerged as an effort in developing CT. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of robotics activities on STEAM learning and the achievement of computational thinking skills tested on elementary school pre-service teachers. This research is a qualitative with case study approach by taking eight undergraduate elementary school teacher participants selected using the purposive sampling method. Observation and interviews are the methods used in gathering data and in the process of analyzing the data using a thematic analysis. After analyzing the data, three themes were used in the analysis, i.e. correlation with experience, active learning using media hands-on, and scaffolding learning. The results found that participants who used robot in STEAM learning could gain new knowledge and skill. Most of the CT component of participants was found during the exploratory phase using robotics in STEAM learning. Participants still lacked in modularity activities, but very adapt well in abstraction and algorithm activities Keywords: Computational Thinking, CT, STEAM Learning, Pre-Service Elementary School Teachers, Robotics Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Afra Lathifah)

63	Computer Science Education	ABS-211
Implementation of VAK Model in Interactive Learning Multimedia Based on Snakes and Ladders Game to Improve Student^s Extrapolation Understandings on Vector Space Willy Chandra Pratama, Enjun Junaeti, Eka Fitrajaya Rahman, Erna Piantari, Purnama Muntaharridwan Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract The use of appropriate learning models is an important thing to do in order to create effective learning activities. Vector space is one of the materials contained in Linear Algebra and Matrix courses, where in this material, students are not only asked to perform calculations, but also the process of proving a theory. However, in addition to existing demands, lack of understanding of extrapolation and the use of less appropriate learning model became an obstacle for students to be able to understand the content of the material. This research tries to implement VAK (Visualization, Auditory, and Kinesthetic) learning model into an interactive multimedia learning based on snakes and ladders game to improve student^s extrapolation understanding in vector space. This research intend to produce an interactive multimedia that can be used as a learning tool based and obtain responses from students on the media that has been made. Reseach methodology using ADDIE by choosing student from Computer Science Education Study Program at FPMIPA UPI as respondent. From the results of this research, the conclusions obtained are: 1) The Learning Multimedia gets a score of 82,78% and is included in the ^Very Good^ category based on expert validation. 2) The learning multimedia can improve student^s understanding of extrapolation, which can be seen from the increase in the average student learning score of 29.3%. 3) Students gave a positive response to multimedia learning where the results of the media assessment got a score of 85.53% and entered the ^Very Good^ category. Keywords: VAK Learning Model, Interactive Learning Multimedia, Snakes and Ladders Game, Extrapolation Understanding, ADDIE Method, Vector Space Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Willy Chandra Pratama)

64	Computer Science Education	ABS-214
Questions Based Computational Thinking for Elementary School Students Lala Septem Riza, Muhammad Hazmi Zuhdi, Erna Piantari, Wahyudin, Khyrina Airin Fariza Abu Samah Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract This study aims to introduce question-based computational thinking to elementary school students. The background is the study that education in Indonesia needs to be improved in order to answer the global competition in the 21st century which is full of technological and information developments. In today^s era everyone not only has the ability to read, write and count because everything is integrated with computers and technology, therefore it is necessary to be equipped with Computational Thinking which is believed to be able to train the brain to get used to thinking logically and structurally so that they are faster. understand the technology that is around them. Therefore, the development of Computational Thinking learning media was carried out by teaching using questions consisting of 4 categories and totaling 17 questions which were applied to the media. The media development model used was ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluate) with a sample of 6 students from grade 6 SDIT ^Alamy Subang. The results of this study indicate that: The instructional media has been evaluated and rated ^Very Good^ by experts with an average percentage of feasibility of 96.19%. Computational Thinking skills possessed by students vary and have different abilities in each question category, and have different levels of difficulty according to the abilities possessed by each student. Students^ responses to learning media are enabling students to learn new things and get an average percentage score of 87.11% and are included in the ^Very Good^ category. Keywords: Computational Thinking, Learning Media, Primary School, ADDIE Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Lala Septem Riza Riza)

65	Computer Science Education	ABS-215
Application of Unplugged Computer Science in Teaching Software Engineering to Improve Students^ Cognitive Eka Fitrajaya Rahman, Zakia Thifal Qathrunnada, Wahyudin, Lala Septem Riza Department of Computer Science Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract This research is motivated by the lack of equitable distribution of technology in the territory of Indonesia, so that technology education in some remote areas is difficult to advance and develop with the times. The lack of facilities in schools to support teaching and learning activities in remote areas greatly hampers the progress and development of technological education to students. Especially for vocational students in the field of Information and Communication Technology Expertise. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to design and apply the Computer Science Unplugged (CSU) learning method which is documented in the form of interactive multimedia for students of SMK majoring in RPL. This study was to determine the effect of the CSU learning method on students^ cognitive. Interactive Multimedia created as documentation to make it easier for teachers to understand the CSU ideas raised in this study. The research method used is quantitative with the development model used is ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluate), with a sample of class XII RPL SMK students Lembang Tourism Development. From this study the results obtained: (1) a percentage value of 87.98% which is interpreted as ^Very Good^ by media experts. (2) Interactive Multimedia can improve students^ cognitive obtained from the average gain index of 0.53 with the criteria of ^Medium^ effectiveness. (3) Students and teachers gave good responses to interactive multimedia described in the 2004 multimedia mania assessment with an overall average of 92.90% which was categorized as ^Very Good^. Keywords: Computer Science Unplugged, Interactive Multimedia, ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluate) Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Lala Septem Riza Riza)

66	Computer Science Education	ABS-227
Development of Independent Learning Instruments in TUWEB Learning at the Open University of Indonesia Ucu Rahayu (a*), Mery Noviyanti (b), Zakirman (c) Universitas Terbuka Abstract Independent learning is one of the determining factors in supporting student success during the TUWEB learning process at the Open University. It is important for each tutor to identify student learning independence by using a tested instrument. The purpose of this study was to produce a student learning independence assessment instrument that is valid, reliable and can be used widely. This type of research is descriptive qualitative, with instrument testing involving experts, validity and reliability testing. The results showed that the student learning independence assessment instrument developed for TUWEB learning at the Open University was valid with expert judgment and statistical analysis and was reliable based on the Cronbach alpha test. In testing the instrument, factor analysis was also carried out and it was found that there were 6 main factors that influenced student learning independence at the Open University. Keywords: Evaluation Instruments, Independent Learning, Webinar Tutorials, Online Learning, Distance Learning Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ucu Rahayu)

67	Computer Science Education	ABS-242
EFFECTIVENESS OF LEARNING MEDIA OF ROLE-PLAYING GAMES USING INQUIRY TRAINING MODEL-BASED ON Q-LEARNING IN THE SUBJECT OF SQL DATABASE IN VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS Enjang Ali Nurdin Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract The study is based on the existence of game applications which can be used in learning process. The game application used here is the Role-Playing Game (RPG) that uses Q-Learning algorithm. SQL Database is chosen as the subject in which the game application will be implemented. The primary aim of the study is to examine the effectiveness of RPG implementation in the learning process of SQL Database subject. The study is conducted at the XI grade of Software Engineering (RPL) class, Networking Computer Technique (TKJ) Department, SMKN 11 Bandung. The main approach to analyze the data in this study is qualitative approach, employing Research & Development method. As instrument of analysis, it employs the Likert scale. The data is analyzed by measuring the rating scale of the findings- which include field observation, validation from experts in learning material and media, students^ interest on multimedia, and students^ motivation. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that role-playing game using inquiry training model-based Q-Learning algorithm is effective in the learning process of SQL Database subject, with the scores of 88.2%, 76.8%, 76.3%, and 75.9%, for the variables of validation of material expert, validation of media expert, students^ interest, and students^ motivation, respectively. Keywords: Role-Playing Game, Inquiry Training Model, and SQL Database Subject Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Enjang Ali Nurdin)

68	Computer Science Education	ABS-245
Using Teaching Simulator to Enhance Teacher Education Students Understanding of Learning Models Wawan Setiawan (a), Siti Fatimah (b), Enjun Junaeti (a*), Jajang Kusnendar (a), Rasim (a) a) Computer Science Education Department, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Jl Dr. Setiabudi No 229, Bandung, Indonesia *enjun[at]upi.edu b) Mathematics Education Department, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Jl Dr. Setiabudi No 229, Bandung, Indonesi Abstract Using the right learning model in the education process, both of students^ learning outcomes and the learning goals can be improved. However, when the teacher wrongly plans the learning process at the stages of the learning model to be implemented, then the intended goals of the learning model itself will not be achieved. This study is aimed to enhance teacher education students^ understanding of learning models using simulated virtual teaching. A total of 30 respondents were asked to simulate learning activities in a game teaching until they managed to get an average teaching value above 80 or 10 times doing a learning simulation. A qualitative method was approached to measure their understanding of the learning model. The score board results showed that more than 75% of the students understand what they have to do in most stages of the discovery learning and problem based learning models after they do the simulation up to 5-8 times. In conclusion, using a teaching simulator as training media, students become familiar with the stages of the learning model and understand what they have to do at those stages. Keywords: teaching simulator, learning model, teacher educations^ students Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Enjun Junaeti)

69	Mathematics	ABS-264
Uncertainty in Convalescent Plasma Transfusion Mathematical Model H Husniah*, Ruhanda and A K Supriatna Universitas langlangbuanan dan universitas padjadjaran Abstract In this paper we develop a mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission dynamics. Due to restrictive availability of COVID-19 vaccine on the market and also its low rate of efficacy, handling the COVID-19 pandemic is still a difficult problem to do. Preventive actions, such as wearing masks, distance guarding, frequent hand washing, and others are still the most important interventions in handling the transmission of this disease. Recently several countries have allowed the use of convalescent plasma transfusion (CPT) in the management of moderate and severe COVID-19 patients. Several early studies of this use have yielded prospective results with reduced mortality rates. A recent work also shows by using a simple discrete mathematical model, that the uses of CPT for COVID-19 patients can reduce the outbreak, in the sense of reducing the peak number of active cases and the length of the outbreak itself. The model used is the simplest discrete SIR and SEIR models. The aforementioned work assumes that all the parameters are crisp constants, hence it ignore the presence of uncertainty. In this paper we explore the effect of uncertainty into in the result derived from the SEIR model. We use fuzzy theoretical framework and look at on how the fuzzyness of the initial values propagate into the output of the model. Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic, SIR, SEIR, Convalescent Plasma, Fuzzy Initial Values. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Asep K. Supriatna)

70	Mathematics	ABS-12
Graph Mathematics for Analysis and Simulation of Mathematical Models on Social Media Addiction Problems as Covid-19 Impact Syafruddin Side(a*), Muh. Abdy(a), Muh. Isbar Pratama(b) and Muh Rifandi(a) a)Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Makassar *syafruddin[at]unm.ac.id b)Department of Mathematics, Universitas Muhammadiyah Bulukumba Abstract The aims of this study are to build a SIRS model in cases of social media addiction- analyse the model and perform model simulations to predict the level of social media addiction. This research is a theoretical and applied. The SIRS model analysis for Social Media addiction using mathematical graphs, while the simulation model using Matlab. The population of this study was 502 active students majoring in mathematics at UNM, with a sample of 145 students obtained using the proportional stratified random sampling technique. The result of this research are the SIRS mathematical model of Social Media addiction which is a system of differential equations and the model analysis provides an addiction-free equilibrium point and a stable endemic equilibrium point. The results also found the value of the basic reproduction number (R_0=3.6342), which indicates that the level of social media addiction is at an alarming stage, because a student who is addicted to social media causes 4 other students to become addicted. Keywords: SIRS model, Social media addiction, Graph mathematics, Basic reproduction number Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Syafruddin Side)

71	Mathematics	ABS-13
Numerical Solution of SIR Model for Tuberculosis Transmission using Homotopy Perturbation Method in South Sulawesi Syafruddin Side(a*), Muh. Isbar Pratama(b), Nur Rezky Ramadhan(c), and Wahidah Sanusi(a) a)Department of Mathematics Universitas Negeri Makassar *syafruddin[at]unm.ac.id b)Department of Mathematics, Universitas Muhammadiyah Bulukumba c)Department of Mathematics, Bosowa University Abstract The aims of this study are to analysis and find the numerical solution of the Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model of Tuberculosis (TB) transmission in South Sulawesi. The data used is secondary data on the number of TB patients in South Sulawesi. The discussion begins with a further study of the SIR model, then looks for a general solution to the SIR model using the Homotopy Perturbation Method. Parameter determination, simulation and analysis of results in this study obtained a graph of the movement of the SIR model with real data. After analyzing numerical simulations, it can be seen that the Homotopy Perturbation Method can be used to see the trend of the spread of TB in South Sulawesi. The results showed that the SIR model on TB transmission is a three-dimensional non-linear differential equation. The prediction results of the SIR model of TB transmission using the homotopy perturbation method show that the number of TB cases in South Sulawesi is increasing every year so that early prevention measures are the government^s attention to prevent the spread of TB in South Sulawesi. Keywords: SIR model- tuberculosis- Analysis and simulation- Homotopy Perturbation Method Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Syafruddin Side)

72	Mathematics	ABS-24
Simulation of Postal Package Distribution Optimization using Artificial Bee Colony Didi Suhaedi, Hilda Chaerunnissa, Respitawulan, Tia Purniati Universitas Islam Bandung Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract This article discusses the artificial bee colony algorithm in optimizing the distribution of the postal package in the Purwakarta district. Optimization of postal package distribution can be formulated as a traveling salesman problem. An artificial bee colony is an algorithm that can be used to solve traveling salesman problems. Determination of the optimal solution is done by simulation using MATLAB. The initial value, which is generated randomly, is required in the simulation process. The simulation results show that the convergence of the optimal solution is influenced by the initial value. Keywords: Simulation, Traveling Salesman Problem, Optimization, Artificial Bee Colony Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Didi Suhaedi)

73	Mathematics	ABS-47
Boundedness of Stein Weiss Operator on Several Classical Spaces Sofihara Al Hazmy1, Al Azhary Masta2, Siti Fatimah3 1Faculty of Military Mathematics and Science, Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia, Kawasan IPSC Sentul, Sukahati, Bogor, Jawa Barat 16810 2,3 Department of Mathematics Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia Abstract In 1958, Stein-Weiss have been provided necessary and sufficient condition for boundedness of Stein-Weiss operator on Lebesgue space. But there are several generalizations of Lebesgue space, for example Orlicz and Morrey space. Our curiosity lead us to seek some necessary and sufficient conditions for the boundedness of Stein-Weiss Operator on Orlicz and Morrey Spaces. We have found several results and will be provided in this presentation. The results on Orlicz space and Morrey space will be provided separately. In particular, on the Morrey space, we have two types of boundedness, which will be known as Spanne and Adams type. Keywords: Orlicz spaces, Fractional Integral, Stein-Weiss Operator, Boundedness Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Al Azhary Masta)

74	Mathematics	ABS-48
A refinement to Generalized Holder^s Inequality on Orlicz Spaces Al Azhary Masta1, Sofihara Al Hazmy2, Siti Fatimah3, Rian Dermawan4 1,3,4Department of Mathematics Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia 2Faculty of Military Mathematics and Science, Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia, Kawasan IPSC Sentul, Sukahati, Bogor, Jawa Barat 16810 Abstract Orlicz spaces is a generalization of Lebesgue spaces. Many authors have studied Orlicz spaces, for example Holder^s inequality on those spaces. The aim of this research is given a new sufficient condition for a refinement generalized Holders inequality on Orlicz spaces. Especially, we discuss the sharpening generalized Holder^s inequality on Orlicz spaces. One of the keys to prove our results is to use some properties of Young function and its invers. Based on our result, we have sharpening generalized Holder^s inequalities on Orlicz spaces. Keywords: Orlicz spaces, Holder^s inequality, sharpening Holder^s inequality Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Al Azhary Masta)

75	Mathematics	ABS-49
Generalized Orlicz Spaces and Weak Orlicz Spaces Siti Fatimah1, Rian Dermawan2, Sofihara Al Hazmy3, Al Azhary Masta4 1,2,4Department of Mathematics Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia 3Faculty of Military Mathematics and Science, Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia, Kawasan IPSC Sentul, Sukahati, Bogor, Jawa Barat 16810 Abstract In this paper we discuss the structure of generalized Orlicz spaces and generalized weak Orlicz spaces on \R^n. First we construct a generalized Young function. Next, we also obtain generalized Orlicz spaces and generalized weak Orlicz spaces. One of the keys to prove our results is to use the generalized Young function. Keywords: Orlicz spaces, Weak Orlic spaces, Generalized Orlicz spaces, Generalized Young function Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Al Azhary Masta)

76	Mathematics	ABS-50
Generalized Young Function Rian Dermawan1, Siti Fatimah2, Al Azhary Masta3, Sofihara Al Hazmy4 1,2,3Department of Mathematics Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia 4Faculty of Military Mathematics and Science, Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia, Kawasan IPSC Sentul, Sukahati, Bogor, Jawa Barat 16810 Abstract The convex function is one of the most widely discussed functions in Mathematics. Many topics in mathematics using Young function, for example for constructing the Orlicz space. The purpose of this study is to construct a generalization of Young function. The method used in this study is using convex-s to define generalize Young function. Based on our result, it is expected to be a bridge in constructing the generalized Orlicz space. Keywords: Convex function, s-convex function, m-convex function, Young function Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Al Azhary Masta)

77	Mathematics	ABS-62
Dispersion Relation of a Two-Layer Model for Submerged Porous Breakwater Nadhira Karima, Indriana Marcela, Ikha Magdalena Bandung Institute of Technology Abstract Many fluid-dynamics models use a dispersion relation to study the waves^ characteristics throughout the observation domain. In this study, we use a dispersion relation to analyze the wave transformation in a multi-layer fluid domain containing a submerged porous breakwater. The mathematical model for this boundary value problem is derived from potential theory. Further, we use the separation of variables method to find the solution analytically. As a result, an equation representing the dispersion relation is obtained. We also conduct several simulations to study the significance of each parameter involved in the model to the reduction magnitude. From the observation, we conclude that the incoming waves^ angular frequency, porous domain length, porosity, and friction coefficient play a crucial role in decreasing the wave amplitude. Keywords: dispersion relation, potential theory, submerged porous breakwater Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nadhira Karima)

78	Mathematics	ABS-72
Gracefulness of the Join of Graceful Graph and -P_k- Luthfan Fawwaz, Mohammad Farhan, Tasnim Bilal, Denny Riama Silaban Universitas Indonesia Abstract Given a graceful graph -G- with order -n- and size -m- and -P_k- is a path graph with -k- vertices. We discuss the gracefulness of the join of -G- and -P_k-, denoted by -G+P_k-. Firstly, we show that if -n=m+1- then -G+P_2- is a graceful graph. Furthermore, we found some sufficient condition for the join of -G+P_k-. Lastly, we prove that for -k=3,5,7-, -G+P_k- are also graceful. Keywords: Graceful Graph-Path Graph-Labeling Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tasnim Bilal)

79	Mathematics	ABS-85
Cyclically Ordered Groups and Their Operator Algebras Rizky Rosjanuardi Department of Mathematics Education FPMIPA Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract Suppose (G,+,R) is a cyclically ordered abelian group. Motivated by the class of linearly ordered abelian groups, in this article will be discussed a fundamental aspect which enables ones to seeing the relation between the class of cyclically ordered groups and the theory of operator algebra. Some developments of aspects in operator algebra which related with the class of such groups also will be discussed. Keywords: cyclic order, group, operator algebra Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rizky Rosjanuardi)

80	Mathematics	ABS-87
Connected Size Ramsey Numbers for Matchings versus Paths, Cycles, or Stars Leonardo Boas Sando Saragih (a), Denny Riama Silaban (a*), and Peter John (a) a) Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia *denny[at]sci.ui.ac.id Abstract Let $F$, $G$, and $H$ be simple and nontrivial graphs. The notation $F\rightarrow(G, H)$ means that in any red-blue coloring of the edges of $F$ there exists a red colored subgraph isomorphic to $G$ or a blue colored subgraph isomorphic to $H$. The connected size Ramsey number from a pair of graphs $G$ and $H$, denoted by $\widehat{r}_{c}(G, H)$, is the smallest integer $\widehat{r}_{c}$ such that there is a connected graph $F$ with order $\widehat{r}_{c}$ satisfying $F\rightarrow(G, H)$. A matching graph $nK_{2}$ is a disjoint union of $n$ copy of $K_{2}$, where $n\geq2$. In this paper, we obtain the exact values of $\widehat{r}_{c}(6K_{2}, P_{4})$, upper bound of $\widehat{r}_{c}(3K_{2}, 2P_{m})$ for $m\geq3$ and obtain the exact value of $\widehat{r}_{c}(3K_{2}, 2P_{4})$. We also obtain the exact values of $\widehat{r}_{c}(2K_{2}, C_{m})$ for $m\in\left\{4, 5, 6\right\}$. Finally, we determine an upper bound of $\widehat{r}_{c}(nK_{2}, tK_{1, m})$ for $m\geq3$, $n\geq2$, $m>n$, $t\geq1$ and obtain the exact values for $t\in\left\{1, 3\right\}$. Keywords: Connected size Ramsey number- cycles- matchings- paths- stars Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Leonardo Boas Sando Saragih)

81	Mathematics	ABS-97
Classifying Student Success from Their Behavioral Pattern in Online Learning using Machine Learning Approach Rr Taraningrum Puspa Wijaya (1), Ervaran Panjilara Putra (1), Nora Hariadi (1), Devvi Sarwinda (1), Bevina Desjwiandra Handari (1, a) 1) Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia a) bevina[at]sci.ui.ac.id Abstract Students academic activity in Learning Management Systems (LMS) is strongly correlated with their academic results in online learning. This behavioral activity is dynamic and difficult to predict. However, machine learning can predict their possible academic, behavioral patterns and classify their future results. This research aims to classify student success through student behavior patterns represented by features on the LMS. The prediction is required to prevent poor student performance. After discovering student behavioral patterns, classification is carried out to determine students success in online learning. The machine learning methods used in this research are Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). RNN is used to predict student behavioral patterns through time-series data activity recorded in E-learning Management Systems (EMAS), specifically, LMS in UI. SVM is used to determine if students pass online learning courses or not. Classification in SVM incorporates a pass/fail category by creating an optimal hyperplane to separate categories. This research uses some Recursive Feature Elimination-Random Forest features in RNN to select most academic activity features that affect the online learning process. The implementation uses four data proportions: 60%, 70%, 80% and 90% training data. Based on the data, the best RNN model uses a hyperparameter based on the number of nodes in the input, hidden, and output layers, which are 1, 10, and 1, and a learning rate of 0.01, and 500 epochs on 60% training data. This RNN method predicts three student behavioral patterns (course view, discussion view, and file view), resulting from the selection feature with an MSE score of less than 0.005. By implementing the same academic activity features on SVM, the best classification for the pass category over ten attempts with 60% training data are a mean accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score of 88.9%, 91.1%, 97.2%, and 93.9%. Keywords: Online learning, Recurrent Neural Network, Support Vector Machine, Recursive Feature Elimination Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rr Taraningrum Puspa Wijaya)

82	Mathematics	ABS-98
Classification of Student Performance Based on First Half-Semester of Online Learning using Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor Sam Rizky Irawan (1), Gatot Fatwanto Hertono (1*), Devvi Sarwinda (1) 1) Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia *gatot-f1[at]sci.ui.ac.id Abstract During the Covid-19 pandemic, many face-to-face activities must be carried out online, including the teaching-learning process in higher education. Several problems occur in learning process, especially for students and lecturers who were previously unfamiliar with online learning. This leads to difficulties for students in achieving the learning outcomes. One strategy to detect student success in a lecture is to monitor student achievement from the beginning of the lecture to midterm. In this research, a machine learning method, the Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor (Fuzzy KNN) method, is used to classify student performance at the end of the lecture. The student performance is classified into good and poor performance based on student activity data recorded in the Learning Management Systems (LMS). The model developed uses data from the first half of the semester from course X at the Universitas Indonesia which was held during the 2020/2021 odd semester. In order to overcome the imbalance of data in the training data, the SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique) process is applied. To measure the performance of the Fuzzy-KNN method in the model built, a measurement of accuracy and recall value will be used. In addition, performance of the Fuzzy-KNN method in the model built is also compared with the KNN method. The result shows that the Fuzzy-KNN method yields better results compared to KNN method. The best performance of the Fuzzy-KNN method can be seen from the recall value, where the best recall value can reach 53.65% with an accuracy of 76.64% if using the k-fold cross-validation evaluation method. If data is separated into 80% training data and 20% testing data up to 10 trials, the best recall value of Fuzzy-KNN is 51.07% with an accuracy of 77.02%. Keywords: Online Learning, Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor, Classification Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sam Rizky Irawan)

83	Mathematics	ABS-110
Panel Regression Analysis of Disaster Factors on the Growth of COVID-19 Cases in Java to Optimize Health Protocols in Refugees Afdelia Novianti(a), Nanda Lailatul Humairoh(a), Rahmi Novika Harahap(a), Sheilta Alphenia(a), Achmad Fauzan(a*) a)Statistics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia *achmadfauzan[at]uii.ac.id Abstract The highest COVID-19 cases in Indonesia is in Java Island, in addition to the COVID-19 disease outbreak, Indonesia is now also faced with the emergence of other natural disasters. Natural disaster has a serious impact, where this situation is exacerbated by the presence of COVID-19 which causes disaster victims to evacuate cannot be carried out as usual, but changes are needed with the application of health protocols that are in accordance with the barriers to the spread of COVID-19 at the site. This study aims to determine the relationship between the growth of COVID-19 cases with the incidence of natural disasters and the number of refugees due to natural disasters on Java Island. The data of total of natural disaster and total of refugee that collected during March 2020 until June 2021 will be used. In this study, the method used is panel regression that can measure the effect of variables. The result show that using Random Effect Model, the variables have no effect on the rise of the positive number of COVID-19 on Java Island, it can be conclude that what the government has implemented is good and the community^s compliance with the protocol is quite helpful. Based on these problems, the protocol applied in Java can be used as a reference for other local governments in Indonesia that are being affected by natural disasters. Keywords: COVID-19- Java Island- Natural Disaster- Refugees Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Afdelia Novianti)

84	Mathematics	ABS-129
Classification of Lung Cancer Using Support Vector Machine with Feature Selection Based on Artificial Bee Colony Rate of Change Selly Anastassia Amellia Kharis (a), Asmara Iriani Tarigan (a), Darsih Idayani (a) a) Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Terbuka, Jl. Cabe Raya, Pamulang, Tangerang Selatan, 15437, Indonesia *selly[at]ecampus.ut.ac.id Abstract Society 5.0 is a core concept to resolve various social challenges by incorporating the innovation of the fourth industrial revolution. The wave of digital transformation such as big data, the internet of things, and artificial intelligence would be connected and develop sustainable technology. One branch of artificial intelligence is machine learning. Machine learning systematically applies algorithms that satisfies a goal in an inductive way by learning from data. The development of machine learning model is widely used for a classification problem based on the data that have been defined previously. This study aims to classify lung cancer using a support vector machine with feature selection based on artificial bee colony rate of change (ABC-ROC). There are 3 classifications compared in this study, namely classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM) without feature selection, classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM) with feature selection based on artificial bee colony (ABC), and classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM) with feature selection based on ABC-ROC. There are two dataset from Kent Ridge Biomedical Dataset: Michigan lung cancer data consisting of 96 samples with 7129 features (genes) and Ontario lung cancer data consisting of 39 samples with 2880 features. Cancer is classified into two classes, namely cancer and non-cancerous. The results of this study are expected to be useful for the community in classifying cancer, especially lung cancer, more accurately and quickly. In addition, the results of this study can be useful in determining the genes that influence lung cancer. Keywords: Artificial Bee Colony- Artificial Bee Colony Rate of Change- Lung Cancer- Support Vector Machine Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Selly Anastassia Amellia Kharis)

85	Mathematics	ABS-136
The -c--convexness of subgroup on some partially ordered relation Imam Nugraha Albania, Rizky Rosjanuardi, Sumanang Muhtar Gozali Departmen Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. albania[at]upi.edu Abstract We define the partial order on group -\mathbb{Z}\oplus\mathbb{Z}- denoted by -\preceq-. By using -\preceq-, we derive the ternary relation -R(a,b,c)- on -\mathbb{Z}\oplus\mathbb{Z}-. It is known that the -c--convex subgroup of cyclically ordered group depends on such ternary relation. Eventhough the definition of cyclically order demands totality, however, in this paper we define the relation -R- that is not total. We prove that for any non-zero integers -m- and -n-, the non-trivial -c--convex subgroups of -m\mathbb{Z}\oplus n\mathbb{Z}- with respect to such -R- are of the form -m\mathbb{Z}\oplus 0- or -0\oplus n\mathbb{Z}- and we derive its direct consequence. Keywords: Ternary relation, -c--convex subgroups Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Imam Nugraha Albania)

86	Mathematics	ABS-147
Linearly Ordered Subgroup of a Cyclically Ordered Group Which is Not Linear Shely Mutiara Maghfira, Nugroho Dwi Widodo, Rizky Rosjanuardi, Sumanang Muhtar Gozali Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Department of Mathematics Education FPMIPA Abstract Every subgroup of a cyclically ordered group $G$ is cyclically ordered. On a cyclically ordered group which is an external direct product of a linearly ordered group and a cyclically ordered group which is not linear, there could be a subgroup which is cyclically ordered as well as linear. Let $G$ be a cyclically ordered group which is the external direct product of two cyclically ordered groups which are not linear $C_{1}$ and $C_{2}$, written $G = C_{1}\times C_{2}$. Furthermore, we discuss some condition of a cyclically ordered group $G$ such that there is a subgroup $H$ of $G$ in which the cyclic order on $H$ is also linear. The condition is by decomposing both of $C_{1}$ and $C_{2}$ into the external direct product of a linearly ordered group and a cyclically ordered group which is not linear, suppose that $C_{1}$$=$$L_{1}\times C_{11}$ and $C_{2}$$=$$L_{2}\times C_{22}$. We take a subgroup $H$$=$($L_{1}\times e_{11} )$$\times(L_{2}\times e_{22} )$ of $G$, $e_{11}$ is an identity element in $C_{11}$ and $e_{22}$ is an identity element in $C_{22}$. Keywords: Group- Subgroup- Linearly Ordered Group- Ternary Relation- Cyclically Ordered Group Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Shely Mutiara Maghfira)

87	Mathematics	ABS-162
CROSS CORRELATION FUNCTION FOR IDENTIFYING THE ORDO OF TIME-SERIES REGRESSION IN PONTIANAK^S COVID CASES Nur^ainul Miftahul Huda- Yundari Universitas Tanjungpura Abstract In the time series model, identifying the order used to determine the time series model is based on the autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions, known as ACF and PACF. One of the functions that can also be used as identification to determine the order of the model is the cross-correlation function, known as CCF. In this study, CCF is used to identify the order of influence of an independent variable on the dependent variable in the time series regression model. Usually, in previous studies, the time series regression model used is the ARIMAX(p,d,q) model, where the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable lies in the same time lag, namely the time lag t. In reality, cases of independent variables are often encountered, affecting the same time lag, but the previous time lag also affects the dependent variable. In this study, ACF was used to identify autoregressive order (influence of dependent variable with a different time lag), and CCF was used to identify regression order (influence of independent variable to the dependent variable with a different time lag). The data used in this study is data on positive confirmed cases of Covid, suspect, and Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) in Pontianak City from January 1, 2021 - May 23, 2021. There are two models, with each dependent variable being a positive confirmed case and a suspect. Positively confirmed cases are thought to be influenced by the number of RDTs carried out, while Suspect cases are thought to be influenced by the number of positive confirmed cases. In the literature, these variables affect. However, in this study, it will be seen how significant the influence is statistically, and the final output is to see the prediction results of the two models for the following three time periods Keywords: ccf- covid-19- time series regression Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurainul Miftahul Huda)

88	Mathematics	ABS-163
Connection Between Cohn Path Algebra and C*-Algebra Through Leavitt Path Algebra Nugroho Dwi Widodo, Shely Mutiara Maghfira, Rizky Rosjanuardi, Sumanang Muhtar Gozali Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Department of Mathematics Education FPMIPA Abstract For any directed graph $E$ and any field $K$ we can produce Leavitt path algebra from Cohn path algebra $C_{K}(E)$. The result of investigation by Abrams, Pere Ara, dan Molina, we could choose a directed graph $F$ such that Cohn path algebra and Leavitt path algebra are isomorphic which is $C_{K}(E)$$\cong$$L_{K}(F)$. As field $K$=$\bf C$ (complex number), according Tomforde^s discussion, that Leavitt path algebra is isomorphic to a dense *-subalgebra, in particular $L_{\bf C}(F)$$\cong$$C^{*}(F)$. Based on both connection, is there any connection between Cohn path algebra and $C^{*}$-algebra? Through each connection between Cohn path algebra and $C^{*}$-algebra with Leavitt path algebra, we obtained $C_{\bf C}(E)$$\cong$$C^{*}(F)$, so that Cohn path algebra could be viewed as graph algebra from $C^{*}(F)$, which is $C^{*}$-algebra for a directed graph $F$, with graph $F$ was graph made from directed graph $E$ by adding some edges and vertex based on certain conditions. Keywords: Graph Algebra- C*-algebra- Leavitt Path Algebra- Cohn Path Algebra Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nugroho Dwi Widodo)

89	Mathematics	ABS-170
Analysis of The Relationship of Economic Factors and The Case of COVID-19 in The Provinces in Indonesia using Principal Component Analysis and Factor Analysis Kurnia Novita Sari, Udjianna S. Pasaribu, and Ainun Maharani Tatiana Talaohu Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia Abstract COVID-19 has attacked all countries of the world including Indonesia since the beginning of 2019. This pandemic attacks public health and has a direct impact on the economic activities of the community and government. Regional income and worker wages are one of the economic factors most affected by COVID-19. Regional income and workers^ wages are divided into several variables based on the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency. Several regulations have been made by the government to contain the spread of COVID-19 cases. The implementation of Community Activity Restrictions (PPKM) is carried out in stages and can anticipate an increase in positive cases. In early 2021, a spike in positive cases occurred again and it was rumored to be a potential second wave in several provinces. The effect of the surge in positive cases and their impact on the economy is modeled based on data in semester 2 of 2020 and semester 1 of 2021. COVID-19 and economic variables were analyzed using principal component analysis. The principal components obtained are more than three for the two semesters with a cumulative variance proportion of more than 75%. Based on the factor analysis method, the COVID-19 variables and economic factors will be grouped. Several tests were carried out before conducting factor analysis, namely the Bartlett test and KMO MSA. The test results state that there are variables that are not significant so they are not involved in further modeling. Based on the data visualization analysis, the positive case variable for COVID-19 is positively correlated with Regional Income compared to wages in the provinces in Java. The results may differ for several provinces in Indonesia. Keywords: COVID-19, factor analysis, principle component analysis, regional income, wages Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Kurnia Novita Sari)

90	Mathematics	ABS-171
Space-time Modeling in Rock Layers through Resistivity Data Yundari, Nurhasanah, Ryan Jonathan, Odila Yupama EN Universitas Tanjungpura Pontianak Abstract West Kalimantan has the largest peat-land in Kalimantan Island after Central Kalimantan, which is 29.99%. Peat soils in West Kalimantan classified as low-maturity soils- therefore, it is still highly weathered. These could affect the infrastructure sector, especially in planting concrete piles for a building. The planted concrete stakes must reach a layer of soil/rock could be done by drilling, measuring log data, density data, or resistivity data. The data obtained requires considerable time, weather, cost, and energy factors. In addition, reaching a certain depth will take more time, effort, and cost as well. One way to make these factors more effective is to perform predictive modeling for unmeasured/observable depths. In this article, stochastic modeling is carried out to predict the depth of soil/rock layers based on resistivity data in the West Kalimantan region and interpreted in the description of rock layers. The results obtained that the depth of the peat layer in West Kalimantan is up to a depth of 17 meters measured from above sea level. This is number obtained from data estimation using the generalized space-time autoregressive (GSTAR) model with uniform spatial weights and Euclidean distances. The random variable is represented by the resistivity value, while the time parameter index used is the depth of the soil layer. Prediction results are carried out for the 2-meter layer below outside the model data (in samples) with a 0.2-meter interval difference. Keywords: resistivity, peat-land, GSTAR, stochastic process Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yundari Yundari)

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