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61	Biology Education	ABS-445
Improvement the Competence and Affective Disposition of Junior High School Teachers After the Implementation of Biodiversity Literacy Textbooks Containing Local Potency of West Java Hasna Nuraeni (a1), Nuryani Y. Rustaman (b2), Saefudin (c2), Topik Hidayat (d2) 1 SMPN 4 Lembang, Bandung Barat Departement of Education, 2 Departement of Science Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract This study aims to analyze the improvement of competence and affective disposition of junior high school teachers after the implementation of biodiversity literacy textbooks containing local potency of West Java. The study used a weak experimental design with the one group pretest posttest method. A total of 33 junior high school teachers from various districts in West Java Province were involved in the research conducted in the period January 2020 to August 2021. The results showed that: (1) there was an average increase in competence dimension (71%) and affective disposition (69%) of biodiversity literacy- (2) Sequentially increasing of the component of biodiversity competence, namely scientifically explaining biodiversity phenomena (77%), evaluating scientific inquiry related to biodiversity (74%), scientific interpretation of biodiversity data and evidence (73%), and designing scientific inquiries related to biodiversity (68%)- (3) The increase in the level of biodiversity literacy competence occurred at level 4 (21%), level 5 (15%), and level 6 (48%)- (4) The increasing of affective disposition in the form of sensitivity and positive values (88%), self-confidence, personal and social responsibility (69%), interest (68%), and concern for biodiversity (67%). The conclusion is that biodiversity literacy textbooks containing local potency of West Java improved the competence and affective disposition of junior high school teachers. Keywords: Competence- Affective disposition- Biodiversity literacy- Textbooks- Local potency- West Java Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hasna Nuraeni)

62	Biology Education	ABS-190
STUDENTS PERCEPTION OF CITIZEN SCIENCE PROJECT IN VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY COURSES Fitri Aryanti (a,c), Topik Hidayat (b), Yayan Sanjaya (b) a)Doctoral Programme of Natural Sciences Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia b)Biology Education Departement, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia c)Biology Education Departement, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Pasundan Bandung Abstract Citizen science activities are starting to develop at this time in Indonesia. Through these activities, researchers, students, and public can collaborate in collecting, analyzing and sharing data on target species so that they can contribute to scientific research. But citizen science activities has not been introduced in lectures so that there are still many students who do not know citizen science. The purpose of this study was to analyze students perception of citizen science in vertebrate zoology course. This research is a descriptive analysis study conducted using a survey method through questionnaires and interviews which were distributed to students online. The number of samples in this study were 48 students of Biology Education. The results showed that 62.5% of students stated that citizen science is a new thing. After the socialization about citizen science, 75% of students are motivated to participate in citizen science activities and 79.2% are interested in becoming citizen scientist who contributed to data collection. Based on these data, this study is expected to be useful for the development of citizen science program as a learning innovation that will be implemented in vertebrate zoology courses. Keywords: citizen science- learning innovation- scientific research- vertebrate zoology Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Fitri Aryanti)

63	Biology Education	ABS-460
Teacher Representation in Applying Inquiry Learning (LoI) to Improve Students^ Scientific Reasoning about Human Organ Systems for High School students S Martini1 *, I Kaniawati2, S Anggraeni3, dan AR Wulan4 1SMA Negeri 20, Jl. Citarum No. 23 Bandung 40115, Indonesia. 2Departemen Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Setia Budhi No. 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia 3Departemen Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Setia Budhi No. 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia 4Departemen Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Setia Budhi No. 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract Abstract. Inquiry learning is one of the learning methods to develop students^ reasoning, which is one of the 21st-century student learning skills in the current curriculum of Indonesia. This study provides an overview of the implementation of inquiry learning carried out by high school teachers and its relation to students^ reasoning. Data collections have been carried out on high school biology teachers who still have not gone training on inquiry learning and teachers who have not gone through similar training. Based on the teachers^ answers to the questions submitted, in general, teachers are familiar with inquiry learning and its levels of inquiry- know and understand the principles and concepts of inquiry levels in inquiry-based learning- 88.24% of teachers experience difficulties in preparing inquiry-based learning plans, especially in the preparation of worksheets, and the construction of assessment instruments- 94.12% of teachers have a hard time in implementing inquiry-based learning- also most teachers agree that inquiry-based learning can train students^ scientific reasoning and critical thinking skills. This study provides recommendations that high school teachers need to be well informed about levels of inquiry in inquiry-based learning. Keywords: Levels of Inquiry, Inquiry Based Learning Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Susi Martini)

64	Biology Education	ABS-228
Two-Tier Test : Development of Critical Thinking Skills in Ecosystem Concepts Helda Dumayanti, Risda Putri Indriani, Evita Nury Hariyanti, Rizhal Hendi Ristanto, Mieke Miarsyah Universitas Negeri Jakarta Abstract The development of this two-tier test instrument was used to determine students critical thinking skills in the ecosystem. Students^ critical thinking includes interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, interpretation, and self-regulation. Critical thinking is necessary in improving the quality of education. The purpose of this research is to produce a valid and reliable two-tier test instrument to know the critical thinking ability of ecosystem materials. Research and development using a 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The instrument was tested on two expert validators and 35 students. To test the success rate of the test, validation, reliability, and item analysis were used. The item anlaysis used is the level of difficulty of the questions and differentiating power of answer choice. Based on the results of the product trial, 10 valid questions and 5 unvalid questions. The reliability test result was 0,671 which the interpretation that 45% of respondents considered the instrument developed to be reliable. In addition, 10 questions are in the difficult category and 5 questions are in the medium category. The differentiating power of answer choice results was 1 question in the very good category, 6 questions in the good category, 4 questions in the moderate category, and 4 questions in the poor category. So that it can be concluded, the two-tier test instrument for ecosystem critical thinking in the form of multiple choice that has been developed is valid and reliable.. Keywords: Two-tier test, critical thinking, 21st century skills Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Helda Dumayanti)

65	Biology Education	ABS-230
Profile of Students Science Process Skills on Conventional Biotechnology Material Eka Astika1*, Hertien K. Surtikanti2, Kusnadi3, Nanda Syah Putra4 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Setiabudhi Street. 229 th, Isola, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia *Corresponding author: astikaeka[at]upi.edu Abstract The aim of the study is to reveal the students science process skill profile of Grade XII. The research was conducted at SMAN 1 Tanah Putih Tanjung Melawan, Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province. The study was conducted by providing tests to students consisting of 10 questions on the scope of conventional biotechnology materials in biology subject. This test is used to measure students science process skills, namely the ability to observe,communicate, interpret, propose hypotheses, apply concepts, ask questions, predict, use tools / materials, plan experiments, and classify. The research sample consisted of 70 students. The instrument was validated by the experts. The realibility value of the instrument used is 0.948 which is categorized as high. It is obtained that science process skill of students is categorized as medium with a percentage of 39.3%, the percentage of observing ability (1), communicating (2), interpreting (3), formulating hypotheses (4), applying concepts (5), asking questions (6), predicting (7), using tools/materials (8), planning experiments (9), and classifying (10) is 43.2%, 35.4%, 39.3%, 28.2%, 26.8%, 36.8%, 46.4%, 49.6%, 37.1%, and 50%. Some of science process skill aspects show a low category, namely in the aspect of formulating hypotheses and applying concepts. Meanwhile, in other aspects, it shows a percentage that is categorized as medium and almost all below 50%. The teachers role is very decisive as the main actor in improving the student^s science process skills. Then, the role of the government is needed, especially in promoting the teachers science process skills through teacher training programs Keywords: Profile Students, Science Process Skills, Biotechnology Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Eka Astika)

66	Biology Education	ABS-231
Identification of concept understanding biology prospective teachers about Invertebrate M Citraningrum (a, b *) , Y Sanjaya (b), F Sudargo (b), Riandi (b) a) Program studi Pendidikan IPA, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia b) Program studi Pendidikan Biologi, Universitas Pendidikan Muhammadiyah Sorong *mivthacitraningrum[at]student.upi.edu Abstract Understanding student concepts is a basic ability that must be possessed by students. This is the basic ability of students to be able to have higher order thinking skills such as reflective thinking skills. This study aims to identify the understanding of prospective biology teacher students on the concept of invertebrates based on the cognitive process dimensions of Bloom^s Taxonomy. A number of biology prospective teachers was involved in this study (n=15). The instrument used to collect data for students^ cognitive process mastery in the form of multiple choice. Based on the data analysis, the average cognitive ability of students was 69.10. The average score of cognitive ability shows that the students^ cognitive abilities are still below the criteria for completeness set in each course. Keywords: Cognitive Abilities, cognitive process, Invertebrate Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mivtha Citraningrum)

67	Biology Education	ABS-493
APPLICATION OF WEB-BASED LEARNING MEDIA ON STUDENTS^ COGNITIVE LEARNING RESULTS IN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM MATERIALS Iwan Ridwan Yususp, Hasan Alfarizi, Lulu Nur Fauziah, Mita Nurwita, Riki Purnama Putra* Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Abstract The covid-19 pandemic has changed learning at school to be at home. This makes teachers to maximize the learning process of their students while at home. For thid reason, various efforts are needed in the learning process, including the use of media. The method used in this research is a pre-experimental method with the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design model. Data analysis in this study used normality test, paired sample t-test and N-gain test. The results of the data normality test stated that what was obtained was normally distributed. The results of the data analysis of the paired sample t-test show that the t-count is -5.548 with a probability of 0.000, because the probability is <0.005 then the two population averages are not identical, while the results of the average N-gain value show 77.14 included in the category effectivre enough. Based on these data, it can be obtained that there is a change in the effectiveness of students^ cognitive learning outcomes through web-based interactive learning media in the learning system material between before (pretest) and before (posttest) the media is applied. Keywords: Media application, Web-based learning, Research methods, Learning outcomes Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Riki Purnama Putra)

68	Biology Education	ABS-494
The Effect of Inquiry Learning On The Critical Thinking Skills of Students in Industrial Revolusion 4.0 Era Tuti Kurniati, Nofirman Furry, Nawang Seruni KH, Nida Pesona I*, Wina Rahayu, Riki Purnama Putra Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Tarbiyah dan keguruan, Universitas Islam Negri Sunan Gunung Djati Abstract Competition in the 21st century demands that human resources have excellence in both academic and non-academic fields. The quality of human resources can be seen based on the attitude, character, and critical behavior possessed by each individual. Education is the first step in efforts to improve the quality of human resources in order to compete in the 21st century. One of the educations that must be mastered is education about science and technology so that in its completion, teachers must be able to educate their students to be able to think at a high level or High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) which includes aspects of critical thinking skills which are abilities needed by students to be able to survive in the 21st century. The goal that is carried out in this journal is how to improve students^ critical thinking skills. This study is a quasi-experimental study with a posttest only control group design, this research was conducted at SMAN 1 Panawangan. The appropriate learning model to improve critical thinking skills is the inquiry learning model because the inquiry learning model is a process to obtain information by observing and experimenting. The results obtained after the research are that this research proves that students who are taught using the inquiry learning model have higher critical thinking skills than students who are taught using the conventional model. Keywords: Critical thinking, HOTS, inquiry, posttest. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Riki Purnama Putra)

69	Biology Education	ABS-495
The Effect of SIMAS ERIC Learning Model on Protist Material to Improve Students^ Cognitive Learning Outcomes in Class X Iwan Ridwan Yusupa*, Dini siti Aisaha, Dita Nur Febriania, Fahmi Atoillaha*, Riki Purnama Putra Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Tarbiyah dan keguruan, Universitas Islam Negri Sunan Gunung Djati, Jl. A.H. Nasution No.105. Bandung, 40614, Jawa Barat, Indonesia Abstract Various problems that cause low student learning outcomes are thought to be due to the lack of teacher innovation when teaching in the classroom, the selection of learning models or strategies that do not facilitate students^ awareness and interest in learning, as well as other influencing problems. One model that can help teachers train students to plan learning, monitor the learning process, and evaluate learning outcomes is the Simas eric learning model with the syntax Skimming, Mindmapping, Questioning, Exploring, Writing and Communicating. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the SIMAS ERIC learning model on the cognitive learning outcomes of Biology students at SMAN 24 BANDUNG. This research is a quasi-experimental research with a non-equivalent pretest posttest control group design. The samples used were students of class X MIPA 1 and X MIPA 3 at SMAN 24 Bandung. Data were collected through the results of observations of students^ cognitive learning outcomes. Analysis of the data using the Anova technique which shows the results of the SIMAS ERIC learning model on protist material affect the cognitive learning outcomes of Biology students at SMAN 24 Bandung with the average corrected cognitive learning outcomes in experimental class students of 84.50%. The corrected mean of cognitive learning outcomes in control class students was 78.50%. The experimental class obtained a corrected mean of higher cognitive learning outcomes than the control class. The benefit of this research that it can determine the effect of the Simas Eric model on students^ cognitive learning outcomes. Keywords: SIMAS ERIC, Cognitive Learning Outcomes, Learning Model, Mind Mapping, Protista Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Riki Purnama Putra)

70	Biology Education	ABS-243
The Efforts to Improve Students^ Research Skills and Self-Regulated Learning on Environmental Change Materials through Mini-Research-Based Learning with the Scientific Investigation ModelsResearch Mini-Based Learning with The Science Investigation Model to Improve Student Research Skills and Self-Regulated Learning Eliya Mei Sisri (a*), Hertien Koosbandiah Surtikanti (b),Rini Solihat(b) 12Post-Biology Education Study Program, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia Abstract Equipping students with research skills and self-regulated learning is considered very important to face the challenges of the 21st century, so that innovation and adjustment are needed in the learning process. The aim of this study is to examine the application of mini research-based learning with a scientific investigation model on students^ research skills and self-regulated learning. The research method used is a quasi-experimental design with the matching-only pretest-posttest control group design, the sample is taken by purposive sampling. The population of this research is class X students in one of the public high schools in Rokan Hulu district, Riau Province. The sample consisted of one experimental group class and one control group class. The learning material used is environmental change. Data collection instruments used research skills tests, Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) and science investigation rubrics. The pretest and posttest data were analyzed to obtain the N-gain of students^ research skills and self-regulated learning. From the results of this study, it is known that the improvement in research skills of the experimental group is 30% in the high category and 70% in the moderate category. The improvement of research skills in the control group is 50% in the moderate category and 50% in the low category.Thus, the results of this study indicate that there is a positive contribution from the application of mini research-based learning with the scientific investigation model in improving students^ research skills and self-regulated learning. Keywords: Mini research learning with scientific investigation model, Research skills, Self-regulated learning, Environmental change. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Eliya Mei Sisri)

71	Biology Education	ABS-247
Students^ Scientific Reasoning about Human Organ Systems in Facing Everyday Life^s Problems during the Covid-19 Pandemic S Martini1 *, I Kaniawati2, S Anggraeni3, dan AR Wulan4 SMA Negeri 20 Bandung Abstract Abstract. Abstract. Students^ scientific reasoning in studying the human organ systems is expected to be able to answer students^ problems in their daily lives, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to measure students^ understanding and reasoning after studying about human organ systems in everyday life, especially associated with the Covid-19 pandemic. Data collection in this study was carried out on 48 students of class XI who had received learning material on various organ systems in humans. Based on the results of students^ answers to the 13 questions submitted, in general it shows that students^ scientific reasoning about the relationship between the human organ system and problems related to Covid-19 during this pandemic are mostly good, however, there are some of the students who are still has a low understanding level, which are 5% and 10.4%. This study provides recommendations so that in learning human organ systems, teachers should look for ways of learning that are more effective in improving students^ understanding and reasoning regarding problems during the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: Scientific reasoning, human organ systems, covid-19 pandemic Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Susi Martini)

72	Biology Education	ABS-504
Implementation of Augmented Reality Assisted Electronic Module to Improve Student Digital Literacy Mahathir Muhammad, Fatchur Rohman, Mimien Henie Irawati Univeristas Negeri Malang Abstract Digital literacy in students after the preliminary test was obtained 82% less and 18% enough. The electronic modules compiled are expected to improve students^ digital literacy by loading digital information sources because education is in the 21st century era. The world of education has the latest innovation, namely the existence of learning media that is integrated with technology, namely augmented reality. This type of research uses quantitative and qualitative approaches. The development uses the Lee and Owen method with stages, namely (1) analysis which consists of 2 stages, namely needs assessment and front-end analysis (2) Design, (3) Development (4) Implementation (5) Evaluation. There are three data collection techniques carried out in this study, namely validity obtained from validation by validators, effectiveness obtained through learning outcomes. The results show an average validity value of 100% for the material and 100% for the media with 90% practicality with an effectiveness value of 0.52 Keywords: Augmented Reality, implementation of electronic modules, Biology students, distance learning Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mahathir Muhammad)

73	Biology Education	ABS-250
Implementation of Phylogenetic Worksheet in an Effort to Improve Students Tree Thinking and Critical Thinking Skills on Spermatophyte Sofi Rahmania (a*), Topik Hidayat (b), Bambang Supriatno (b) a) Biology Education Master Program, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia *sofirahmania2[at]gmail.com b) Departement of Biology Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract Recent research shows that students ability to read and create phylogenetic trees (tree thinking) is low, meanwhile phylogenetic analysis has become one of the demands on the 2016 version of the 2013 curriculum. Learning using phylogenetic trees is thought to be able to train critical thinking skills as the demands of the 21st century. However, the use of phylogenetic worksheets, especially on Spermatophyte, is often skipped in learning activities at School. The aim of this research is to determine the improvement of students tree thinking and critical thinking skills after implementing phylogenetic worksheets in Spermatophyte learning as a visual representation of tree-thinking abilities. This research type is experimental research that involving one research group totaling 29 students. The research data were collected with several research instruments as if 25 multiple choice questions of tree-thinking test instrument and 10 essay questions of critical thinking test instrument. The interview were conducted to obtain supporting data Results show that learning by implementing phylogenetic worksheets is quite effective in increasing critical thinking skills (59.2%) and tree-thinking skills (61.7%) with an average increase of both in the medium category. Spermatophyte learning using phylogenetic worksheet can be used as an alternative learning activity because it can improve tree thinking and critical thinking skills. Keywords: critical thinking, Spermatophyte, phylogenetic worksheet, tree-thinking Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sofi Rahmania)

74	Biology Education	ABS-251
The Impact of Illegal Drilling on Environment in Sungai Angit Village Cici Hema Pratiwi (a*), Siti Sriyati (b), Amprasto (b) a) Pendidikan Biologi, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jln. Dr. Setiabudi, No. 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia *cici.hemapratiwi[at]upi.edu b) Departemen Pendidikan Biologi, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jln. Dr. Setiabudi, No. 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia Abstract The Dutch began exploring oil in South Sumatra in 1895. The spread of these Dutch oil wells covered several areas in South Sumatra, one of which was in the Musi Banyuasin Regency. Currently, the area with the greatest potential as an oil produced in Musi Banyuasin is Sungai Angit village. The management of the Dutch heritage oil wells is carried out by the community using traditional methods and does not have a permit / illegal. Illegal oil drilling activities have a negative impact on the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of illegal on the environment in Sungai Angit Village. This research is included in qualitative descriptive research. Data collection techniques by way of field studies, interviews, and literature studies. Based on the results of this study, showed that oil drilling activities in Sungai Angit Village cause environmental pollution, i.e. river water changes color to black and smells of oil, river silting occurs, destroys forests and agricultural land, kills plants, produces a pungent odor and disturbing sulfur oxide gas, and making noise. Keywords: Illegal drilling, environment, pollution Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Cici Hema Pratiwi)

75	Biology Education	ABS-507
The Need Analysis for Developing Microbiology Practical Model In the Topic the Role of Microorganisms In Degrading Heavy Metals Trisna Amelia1, Kusnadi2, Liliasari1 1) Science Education Study Program, FPMIPA, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No. 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia. 2) Biology Education Study Program, FPMIPA, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No. 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia. Abstract Considering the quality decrease of the environment, education for biology prospective teachers can contribute to overcoming this problem by preparing young people to gain environment literacy. Biology prospective teacher study various scientific content, including microbiology. One of the latest discussions in microbiology is about the role of microbes in reducing the levels of heavy metal pollutants in the environment. So far, microbiology lectures have not raised this issue much in the classroom. Based on this, the study aims to analyze the need for the development of microbiology practical model on the theme of exploring heavy metal-degrading microbes as the environmental polluting agents. Closed-ended and open-ended questionnaires were employed in this studi. We analyzed a total of 17 4th semester students in microbiology courses at universities in the Kepulauan Riau Province and 4 biology teachers in the province. The results showed that students had a good perception of learning strategies, facilities, lecturer competencies and the scope of microbiology studies. However, the limited lab activities carried out in the post-pandemic period is still unsatisfactory. Students perceive that lecturers have good abilities in designing lab activity that are relevant to the context of life and support the achievement of competencies. Students assume that the facilities can support the implementation of lab activities ideally. Biology teachers perceive that the field of study of microbiology is quite a lot in biology subjects. The teacher agree that the theme of exploring heavy metal-degrading bacteria is in accordance with the competency standards and level of thinking ability of high school students. Lab activities according to the teacher have the opportunity to be an effective learning strategy on this theme. Keywords: Need analysis, Microbiology lab, Practical model, Heavy metal degrading microbes Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Trisna Amelia)

76	Chemistry	ABS-6
Modification of Pickle Goat Skin with Silver Nanoparticles by using Brown Algae (Padina sp.) with Assisted Microwave Eli Rohaeti1*, Amalia Sultan Nanda Annisa2, Rusita1, Kun Sri Budiasih1, and Nur Aeni Ariyanti1 Department of Chemistry Education FMIPA Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia Abstract The objectives of this study were to determine effect of modification of goat skin with silver nanoparticles prepared by using brown algae (Padina sp.) and assisted microwave on hydrophobic properties, antimicrobial activity, mechanical properties, and biodegradability of goat skin. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles was carried out by using microwave method with bioreductor of brown algae extract (Padina sp.) and a stabilizer of a starch solution. Characterization of resulted silver nanoparticles was conducted by determining the wavelength utilizing the UV-Vis instrument and the particle size with Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Characterization of the modified goat skin was conducted by measuring hydrophobicity through the sessile drop method, the antimicrobial activity test on modified goat skin was done by determining the clear zone against Escherichia coli (gram-negative bacteria) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (gram-positive bacteria), and also against the fungus (Candida albicans). The mechanical properties of modified goat skin were carried out by measuring the tensile strength of the skin. The statistical test was conducted to decide the modification effect on goat skin pickle. The characterization with UV-Vis on resulted silver nanoparticles revealed 426 nm wavelength absorption and diameter of silver nanoparticles by using PSA was 58.2 nm. As many as 99.25 % of silver nanoparticle has coated the surface of pickle goat skin. The modification of goat skin by adding silver nanoparticle can increase antibacterial activity, antifungi activity, and hydrophobicity of goat skin. The contact angle and the tensile strength of goat skin after modification was 81.49o and 14.63 MPa. The clear zone of goat skin after modification against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans was 9.33 mm, 8.87 mm, and 8.79 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, the best biodegradability was the unmodified goat skin. Keywords: Brown Algae, Silver nanoparticles, Goat Skin, Antimicrobial, Biodegradation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Eli Rohaeti)

77	Chemistry	ABS-314
PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH PADAT PULP GREEN LIQUOR DREGS DAN SLAKER GRITS DARI PT INDAH KIAT PULP DAN PAPER UNTUK APLIKASI PRODUKSI GENTENG BETON Emrizal Mahidin Tamboesai Dosen Bidang Kimia Anorganik Jurusan Kimia FMIPA-Universitas Riau Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Riau Kampus Binawidya Pekanbaru, 28293, Indonesia emrizaltamboesai[at]gmail.com Abstract This study aims to utilize solid waste pulp green liquor dregs and slaker grits by analyzing the effect of adding solid waste green liquor dregs and slaker grits on water absorption and tile compressive strength, analyzing the chemical content of solid waste green liquor pulp dregs and slaker grits and concrete tile products and chemical morphology of the samples. The method that has been used in this research is pressing. The results of the water absorption test for concrete roof tiles with the addition of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% solid waste green liquor pulp and slaker grits were 8.4%, 6.4%, 7.5% and 9.4%. Testing the compressive strength of concrete tiles with the addition of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% solid waste green liquor pulp and slaker grits was 19.0 MPa, 19.7 MPa, 18.6 MPa, 18.3 MPa. The chemical content of solid waste pulp before and after the finished concrete tile product is in accordance with the building blocks of the tile which consists of compounds Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3 and CaO. From the above test, it can be concluded that the addition of solid waste pulp can produce quality concrete roof tiles with reference to the value of SNI 0096-2007, that the maximum water absorption value of tile is 10% and the compressive strength of roof tiles is at least 6.0 MPa. Keywords: concrete, pulp green liquor dregs, pulp slaker grits Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Emrizal Mahidin Tamboesai)

78	Chemistry	ABS-202
Development and Application of Chitosan Based Composite Hydrogels in Water Treatment: A review Yustika Desti Yolanda1, Mita Nurhayati2, Hendrawan Hendrawan1, Fitri Khoerunnisa1a) 1 Graduate Program of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Education, Indonesia University of Education Setiabudi 229 Bandung 40154 2 Department of Advanced Science and Technology Convergence, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea a)fitri[at]upi.edu Abstract Limited water availability with rapid population growth poses a critical problem for global water security, an effective strategy is needed to balance consumption and supply over time while maintaining water quality. There are various types of water treatment technologies that have been developed such as membrane filtration, ion exchange, and water adsorption. Chitosan-based hydrogels have become an attractive focus as water treatment materials because of their low prices, non-toxicity, and biodegradability. This article is a narrative review on the development of chitosan-based composite hydrogels using various precursors and their applications as adsorbents in water treatment through the adsorption method. The mechanism of pollutant adsorption on the chitosan composite hydrogel was described systematically. Keywords: Hydrogel- Chitosan- Water treatment- Adsorption Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yustika Desti Yolanda)

79	Chemistry	ABS-203
A Review: Synthesis and Characterization of Alginate/PVA Composite Hydrogel and its Application as Controlled Released Fertilizer Siti Fatimah(a), Hendrawan Hendrawan(a*), Fitri Khoerunnisa(a) (a)Graduate Program of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Education, Indonesia University of Education Setiabudi 229 Bandung 40154 *hendrawan[at]upi.edu Abstract Hydrogels are three-dimensional (3D) hydrophilic networks of polymer chains, which can absorb liquids up to hundreds times of their own weight and keep their structural network intact. The superiority performance of hydrogels is determined by the selection of materials, synthesis techniques and characteristics. This article aims to study the synthesis technique and characteristics of alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based hydrogels with the addition of fertilizer as a control released fertilizer (CRF) material for agricultural applications. The research method used is literature review from various sources in journal database sites such as sciencedirect.com which are indexed by Scopus in quartile 1 (Q1). In particular, various synthesis and characterization methods using XRD, FTIR, SEM, swelling behavior, mechanical properties and fertilizer release behavior test of alginate/PVA composite hydrogels were reviewed comprehensively. Keywords: Hydrogel- Alginate- PVA- CRF Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Siti Fatimah)

80	Chemistry	ABS-204
Photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles on dyes removal from wastewater Restiani Alia Pratiwi(a), Fitri Dara(c), Mita Nurhayati(a,b), Muhamad Nasir(c), Hendrawan Hendrawan(a), Fitri Khoerunnisa(a*), Ng Eng Poh(d) a) Graduate Program of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Education, Indonesian University of Education, Setiabudhi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia *fitri[at]upi.edu b) Department of Advanced Science and Technology Convergence, Kyungpook National University, Gyeongsangbuk- do, Sangju-si, South Korea c) Center of Environmental and Clean Technologies, BRIN, Bandung, Indonesia d) School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia Abstract Azo dyes such as methylene blue are the most widely used dyes (50-70%) in the textile, paper-making, cosmetic, and food industries. The presence of dyes in waters can reduce water quality and interfere with organisms in water bodies. The photocatalytic method is considered an easy, effective and sustainable method to degrade dyes in liquid waste. Zinc (II) oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are believed to be a catalyst material in the photocatalytic process for the degradation of azo dyes. In this study, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using the hydrothermal method with various precursor compositions (Zn(NO3)2.4H2O and NaOH). The optimum composition was determined from the % photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO nanoparticles. The characterization of ZnO nanoparticles was carried out using FTIR spectroscopy, X- ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles on dye degradation was carried out using UV-A. % dye degradation was determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy method. The results showed that the optimum composition for the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles was obtained at the composition of ZnO-3 with % degradation efficiency of methylene blue dye reaching 95.042%. The FTIR spectra show a typical peak for ZnO-3 with peak absorption at wave number 450-500 cm-1 which indicates the stretching vibration of Zn-O. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of ZnO crystals with a hexagonal wurtzite structure having an average crystal size of 24.35 nm. Furthermore, SEM photos confirmed the crystal morphology of ZnO nanoparticles in the form of flower like structures. The particle size of the SEM obtained by the average nanostructure produced is 46.36 nm. It can be stated that the ZnO nanoparticle catalyst has been successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method and has good photocatalytic activity, has the potential to be applied in dye removal in wastewater. Keywords: Photocatalysis- ZnO- Nanoparticles- Dyes Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Restiani Alia Pratiwi)

81	Chemistry	ABS-463
Reduced Graphene Oxide Synthesis and Characterization for Electronic Application Risa Rahmawati Sunarya (a)*, Rahmat Hidayat (b), and Veinardi Suendo (c) (a) Chemistry Education Department UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung (b) Physics Department Institut Teknologi Bandung (c) Division Chemistry Department Institut Teknologi Bandung *E-mail: risarahmawatis[at]uinsgd.ac.id Abstract Carbon-based material is an alternative material that has the potential for electronic application such as dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is one of carbon-based materials. rGO has corrosion resistance, good electrical conductivity, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive for various electronic devices. In this report, rGO was synthesized from graphite using sonication-oxidation method. rGO was prepared by sonicating-oxidizing graphite to form graphite oxide. rGO was characterized by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and TEM. The Raman spectrum shows typical D-band, G-band, and 2D-band peaks present in graphite, rGO and graphene oxide (GO). The XRD spectrum of rGO shows a shift towards which is smaller than the graphite peaks, besides that the rGO peaks are wider than the graphite peaks. The SEM image shows the morphology of rGO in the form of thin and wide nano-sheets. While the rGO TEM profile shows a thin transparent layer. Keywords: carbon-based materials- reduced graphene oxide- sonication-oxidation methods Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Risa Rahmawati Sunarya)

82	Chemistry Education	ABS-3
The Practicality and Effectiveness of Case Study-Based Module on Chemical Thermodynamics Course (Ideal and Real Gases) as Learning Tool During The Covid-19 Pandemic Findiyani Ernawati Asih*, Sri Poedjiastoeti, Achmad Lutfi, Dian Novita, Ismono, Amalia Putri Purnamasari Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya Abstract The case study-based module on chemical thermodynamics course (ideal and real gases) was developed to fulfill the needs of undergraduate students in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to test feasibility of case study-based module. The case study-based module refers to the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate) by integrating the one group pretest-postet design at the develop stage. The feasibility of the module was measured through validity, practicality and effectiveness using validation sheet, evaluation test sheet and questionnaire sheet. Data were analyzed descriptively, quantitatively (Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test) and qualitatively. The case study-based module was suitable for one of learning tools, which was proven by the findings that 1) meets valid and reliable criteria, 2) meets practical criteria with support for general achievements students^ very positive response to the aspects of module (construction, material, motivation and case study), and 3) meets the effective criteria by increasing the mean score pretest-posttest in medium category which contains the cognitive level of analyze-C4, evaluate-C5, and create-C6. The implication of development case study-based module can facilitate students in online learning during the covid-19 pandemic so that they will successfully reach the course learning outcomes of Chemical Thermodynamics, which includes mastery of knowledge about main principles of thermodynamics, ability to solve science and technology problems, ability to use ICT-based learning resources, make decisions based on the relationship of concepts with laboratory activities, and practice responsibility. Keywords: module- case study- chemical thermodynamic- COVID-19 pandemic Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Findiyani Ernawati Asih)

83	Chemistry Education	ABS-523
FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF THERMOCHEMISTRY IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL CHEMISTRY TEXTBOOK BASED ON THE CRITERIA OF THE SELECTION STAGE OF 4STMD METHOD Sjaeful Anwar 1, Omay Sumarna 2, Andi Mulyadi 3 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract This study was conducted to analysis properness of themochemistry teaching ‎material in chemistry textbook which is used in ‎most SMA/MA in Kota Bandung based on criteria of selection process of 4S TMD. ‎The type of research is evaluative research by content analysis method. There are three criteria in the selection process ‎of 4S TMD. ‎Based on first criterion, that is conformity ‎with the curriculum, it is ‎known that object of research is not yet fully in accordance ‎with the demands of the‎‎ Curriculum. In terms of material broadness, there are four ‎concepts required by the curriculum that are ‎not included in the material, so that the ‎material is less broad. In addition, there are six concepts that are not ‎required by the curriculum, but included in the material, so that the material is too broad. ‎Thus, in general, the material broadness is not in ‎accordance with the demands of the Curriculum.‎ Meanwhile, in terms of concepts depth, ‎from 31 concepts demanded by the curriculum, ‎‎18 concepts are less deep and three concepts are too deep. Based on second criterion, that is concepts validity, it is known that there are two concepts that are not scientifically correct according to references from international general chemistry textbooks and books published by IUPAC. Based on the third criterion, namely the cultivation of pedagogical context, it is known that the values and skill embedded in the material are religious values, creativity, curiosity, respect for achievement, responsibility, reading-interested, discipline, and environmental care. Keywords: School chemistry textbook, thermochemistry, criteria of selection step of 4S TMD method Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sjaeful Anwar)

84	Chemistry Education	ABS-270
PRELIMINARY STUDY : RADEC LEARNING DESIGN TO DEVELOP CONCEPT MASTERING AND STUDENT CREATIVITY ON COLOID TOPIC Listia Fauziyyah Ahmad, Wawan Wahyu, Wahyu Sopandi Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI) Abstract Mastery of concepts and creativity needs to be possessed by students because they are an important part of education to create quality graduates. This study aims to test the feasibility of RADEC^s learning design in developing students^ mastery of concepts and creativity. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with the instruments used are questionnaires, interview guidelines, and RADEC learning design validation sheets. Questionnaires given to students and interview guides with teachers were used to determine the learning that had been applied as well as analysis of learning needs to develop mastery of concepts and creativity. The RADEC learning design will be tested by 5 validators. The resulting data were analyzed and converted into percentages which were then interpreted into a descriptive explanation. The results of this data processing will show an overview of how the learning process on colloid topics has been going on, mastery of concepts and creativity, will also show the feasibility of RADEC learning design to develop students^ mastery of concepts and creativity on colloid topics. This study will show whether the RADEC learning design that has been compiled can be an alternative to colloidal learning that has been applied previously. Keywords: Creativity, concept mastery, RADEC, colloid Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Listia Fauziyyah Ahmad)

85	Chemistry Education	ABS-19
STUDENT LEARNING ACTIVITIES THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF PREDICT-OBSERVE-EXPLAIN (POE) LEARNING ONLINE IN ELECTROLYTE AND NON-ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION MATERIALS Riana Febrina, Yulia Sukmawardani, Imelda Helsy, and Cucu Zenab Subarkah UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Abstract The implementation of online learning during the covid-19 pandemic causes students learning activities to be less visible during the learning process. This study aims to analyze students^ learning activities through the application of Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) learning online in electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution materials. Implementation of online learning process using Zoom Meeting and WhatsApp Group learning platform with learning media in the form of learning videos. This study used a descriptive method with research subjects, 31 students of grade X, IPA MA Al-Badriyah Sukabumi. Data collection techniques using observation sheets and student worksheets (LKS). Based on the analysis of data obtained that the average percentage of student activity during the implementation of online learning is 97.9% with excellent interpretation. This shows that students^ activities are very good when learning online using the application of POE learning in electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution materials. Thus, the application of POE learning online can show students learning activities very well in electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution materials. Keywords: Student learning activities, POE, Electrolyte and non Electrolyte Solutuion Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yulia Sukmawardani)

86	Chemistry Education	ABS-20
DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENT WORKSHEETS ON THE BIOSORBEN SYNTHESIS FROM PAPAYA SEEDS FOR THE ABSORPTION OF COLORS IN BATIK INDUSTRY LIQUID WASTE Yulia Sukmawardani, Putri Tsaqil Abdul Aziz, Riri Aisyah, and Cucu Zenab Subarkah UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Abstract The number of environmental pollution phenomena that occur in nature has resulted in environmental damage. The cause of environmental pollution is inappropriate waste treatment, one of number is batik industrial wastewater. The factor of awareness and the lack of public knowledge regarding waste management are the things that support this natural damage. So that we need worksheets as a medium in learning that can teachers used to learn how to treat waste properly and correctly. So this study aims to describe the arrangement of student worksheets and to analyze the results of the validation test. The steps used in the student worksheets on the manufacture of biosorbents from papaya seeds (carica papaya l) for the absorption of dyestuffs from the batik industry^s liquid waste based on guided inquiry. The method used is Design Based Research (DBR) by using three stages, namely 1) Analysis, 2) Design, and 3) Development. The instrument used in this study was a validation questionnaire using correlation analysis techniques and a student worksheet based on guided inquiry. The results of the student worksheet validation test obtained an average value of 0.80 which states that the student worksheets are valid and can be used as a medium for learning or practicum activities. Keywords: Papaya Seeds, Biosorbent, Batik Industry Liquid Waste, Student Worksheets Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yulia Sukmawardani)

87	Chemistry Education	ABS-21
DEVELOPMENT OF WORKSHEETS BASED ON GUIDED INQUIRY ON THE PRODUCTION OF HANDSANITIZER FROM MAHONONY SEED EXTRACT (SWIETENIA MAHAGONI) Rolina Afriani, Saepudin Rahmatullah and Yulia Sukmawardani UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Abstract This research was motivated by the need to develop a worksheet (LK) based on guided inquiry on colloidal material. In chemistry learning, hand sanitizer is one application of the colloid system. In this study, a handsnaitizer was made using additional ingredients in the form of mahogany seed extract as an active substance to replace the antibacterial role of alcohol as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to compile and determine the results of the guided inquiry-based LK validation test. The research method used is Design Based Research (DBR). The results of the validation test for expert lecturers, LK were declared valid with an average rcount value of 0.860. The worksheets produced are in accordance with the stages of guided inquiry-based learning and are feasible to be applied to colloid subjects in class XI science with an rcount of 0.83. The hand sanitizer produced is in accordance with SNI 2017 with a pH range of 6-8. Keywords: Mahogany seed extract, guided inquiry, hand sanitizer Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yulia Sukmawardani)

88	Chemistry Education	ABS-22
Argument Patterns in Redox Reaction and Electrochemistry Topic Nathasya Imanuella* and I Wayan Redhana Chemistry Education Study Program, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Bali, Indonesia *e-mail: nathasya[at]undiksha.ac.id Abstract Arguments are very important in the presentation of teaching materials. Presentation of the material in an argumentative manner will make it easier for students to understand the teaching materials. The purposes of the study are to describe and explain Toulmin^s argument patterns, their percentages, the quality of arguments, and incorrect arguments in the redox reactions and electrochemistry topic of one high school chemistry textbook. This research method was document analysis. Validity was tested by triangulation among three researchers. The results showed that the patterns of Toulmin^s arguments of two, three, and four elements were 51%, 34%, and 6%, respectively. The two-element argument patterns consisted of CG and GC. The three-element argument patterns consisted of CGW, GWC, CWG, WCG, and GCW. The four-element argument patterns consisted of GCWB, CGWB, GWCB, and CGWR. The quality of the arguments according to the parameters of the Toulmin Argumentation Protocols (TAP) varied from medium to high, while the quality based on the parameters of Quality of Argument Structure Rubric (QASR) varied from fair to excellent. There are five claims, eight grounds, and two warrants that were not precise or incomplete. Most of the arguments were well written, but there were many shortcomings in providing explanations. This topic needs to be supplemented with more elements of argument. Keywords: Toulmin argument pattern, quality of arguments, chemistry book, redox reaction and electrochemistry Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nathasya Imanuella)

89	Chemistry Education	ABS-23
Analysis of College Student Learning Difficulties in Physical Chemistry: Study of External and Internal factors Munawwarah Universitas Negeri Makassar Abstract This study aims to identify student learning difficulties in physical chemistry lectures. The subjects of this study were 61 students in the chemistry education study program from two different classes. Data were obtained by using instruments in the form of structured and unstructured questionnaires. Based on the results of data analysis, several student learning difficulties were identified. 55.7% of students in the medium category in Learning Disorder, 72% of students in the high category in Learning Disability, 65.5% of students in the medium category in Learning Dysfunction, 57% of students in the medium category in Slowly Learner, and 54% of students in the medium category in Lower Achiever. According to many students, physical chemistry is difficult. In addition to this, some of the causes of physical chemistry being considered difficult are difficulties in using formulas, confusion in analyzing questions, and learning conducted online during the Covid-19 pandemic is considered less effective. Students expect the learning method used is to provide many examples and practice questions. Keywords: Learning Difficulties, Physical Chemistry, Internal and External Factors Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Munawwarah Munawwarah)

90	Chemistry Education	ABS-297
COMPARIZON OF THREE LEVELS OF INQUIRY BASED LEARNING TO DEVELOP STOICHIOMETRY PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS IN TERM OF STUDENTS LOGICAL THINKING Fahyuddin (a*), Saefuddin (a), Herawanti (b) (a) Department of Chemistry Education, Halu Oleo University, Kendari * fahyuddin[at]uho.ic.id (b) Provincial Department of Education, Southeast Sulawesi Abstract There is a large body of research on the effectiveness of Inquiry based learning over traditional methods. However, less has been reported in the chemistry education literature of study that investigated the different levels of inquiry on students^ problem solving skills. This study compared three levels of inquiry (verification, structured inquiry, and guided inquiry) based learning on the development of high school students^ skills to solve stoichiometry problem with regard to logical thinking skills. A quasi-experimental design was used in this study. Students from one of the high Schools in Kendari city participated (N = 92, grade 11) in this study. One class of student were randomly assigned to verification, and two classes assigned to either the guided-inquiry or the structured-inquiry based learning. The problem solving skills test was administered to three groups, prior to the intervention of and than after the intervention. Descriptive statistics and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) were used to analyze the data collected. The results indicated that the level of guided-inquiry based learning caused a significantly better acquisition of problem solving skills than the others inquiry designed, while the level of verification is not significantly different from structured-inquiry in developing students^ problem solving abilities. In addition, students^ previous logical thinking skills made a significant contribution to the problem solving skills of stoichiometry concepts Keywords: : Level of inquiry, Problem solving skills, Stoichiometry, Logical thinking skills Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Fahyuddin Fahyuddin)

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