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181	ESD in Science Education	ABS-511
Science Students^ Communication Profiles on ESD (Education Sustainable Development) Hadi Purwanto1, Berry Kurnia Fimala 2, a) R. Ferina Intan Lusia 3, Ade Apriani 4, b) Author Affiliations 1,2 Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau (Jalan Tuanku Tambusai, Pekanbaru 28294). 3, 4 Pascasarjana Universitas Riau (Jalan Kampus Bina Widya KM. 12, Simpang Baru Pekanbaru 28293) Abstract Abstract. Humans found four skills in the twenty-first century, one of which is communication abilities. The purpose of this study is to gather data and analyze student communication profiles related to science communication abilities in the context of ESD (Education Sustainable Development). ESD is a critical component of education that students must understand. It is vital to be able to speak with ESD in order to comprehend ESD (Education Sustainable Development). Students with strong science communication abilities are able to argue and represent data using the ESD idea (Education Sustainable Development). a qualitative technique is used in this research. The participants in this study are students from Muhamadiyah University^s FKIP IPA Study Program in Riau. This study will be evaluated using indicators of students^ SCIENCE communication skills related to ESD (Education Sustainable Development), such as: 1) the ability to create graphs/tables related to ESD- 2) the ability to describe tables/pictures/diagrams in the form of verbal information related to ESD- 3) the ability to interpret related to ESD- and 4) the ability to draw conclusions related to ESD. The results of the scientific communication skills exam were studied descriptively and classified into three categories: 1) able to answer entirely and with logical explanations- 2) able to answer partially (without a logical explanation)- and 3) no answer and no logical explanation. The findings revealed that science communication skills remained in the bad group, with science communication skills in each metric falling below 53%. Keywords: Communication Profiles, ESD Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hadi Purwanto)

182	Mathematics	ABS-513
FORECASTING THE EXPORT UNIT VALUE INDEX IN INDONESIA USING THE SINGLE INPUT TRANSFER FUNCTION Ika Fitria Millenia, Etik Zukhronah and Winita Sulandari Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret Abstract Export is one of the factors that increase the economic growth of a country. One measure of export activity that can describe economic growth in Indonesia is The Export Unit Value Index, which is an index that measures changes in the price of export commodities sold by residents of one country to residents of other countries. The purpose of this study is to predict the unit value index of exports in Indonesia using a single input transfer function model and to see how the influence of the value of oil and gas and non-oil and gas exports on the unit value index of exports in Indonesia. The single input transfer function model is a model that describes the future forecast of a series (output series) obtained based on the past values of the output series and other time series (input series) that affect the output series. The results of this study obtained a transfer function model with the order (0,0,1) with a noise series following ARIMA (1,0,1). Based on this model, the export unit value index at time t is influenced by the unit value export index in the previous month and is influenced by the oil and gas and non-oil and gas export value in the same month. As indicated by its MAPE value of 4.89%, the forecast value does not diverge much from the actual value, which suggests that the transfer function model can be used to predict the export unit value index for Indonesia Keywords: ARIMA, export unit value index, single input, transfer function, oil and gas, non-oil and gas Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Etik Zukhronah)

183	Mathematics	ABS-13
A New Technique in Solving Non-Homogenous Linear Differential Equations of Order Two with Constant Coefficient Darmawijoyo Mathematics Education Department, Sriwijaya University, Palembang, South Sumetara, Indonesia Abstract This paper studied a new technique to solve non-homogenous linear differential equations of order two with constant coefficients. The used technique encompasses splitting coefficient of order one and zero and reducing order of the equation. The traditional method of solving linear differential equations of order two with constant coefficients claims that y=exp⁡(rx) takes the form of the solution where r is constant. The second method is using the integration factor. The first method is not precise in its arguments, and the second one is very sophisticated. The idea of this new method is simpler to use, and the arguments are more explicit than the ones mentioned previously Keywords: ODE, New Technique Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (DARMAWIJOYO D)

184	Mathematics	ABS-281
Input-Output Analysis on Pia Saronde Production Process Scheduling with Invariant Max-Plus Linear System Sunarwin Ismail, Nurwan, Muhammad Rezky F. Payu, Lailany Yahya, Djihad Wungguli, Asriadi Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo Abstract Max-plus algebra is one of the analysis methods of discrete event systems which have many applications on systems theory and graph theory. Max-plus algebra is a set of real number \(\textbf{R}\) combined with \(\varepsilon = -\infty\) equipped with operations max (\(\oplus\)) and plus (\(\otimes\)), can be denoted \((\textbf{R}_{\varepsilon},\oplus,\otimes)\) with \((\textbf{R}_{\varepsilon}=\textbf{R}\cup{\varepsilon})\) The production process of pia saronde is one of the problems that can be analyzed using max-plus algebra. The production process of this product is sequentially carried out by making skin dough, filling, baking, cooling, and packaging the pia. The max-plus algebra theory was used in this research to determine the optimal time in the production scheduling of pia saronde. Meanwhile, the max-plus invariant linear system (SLMI) is a max-plus algebraic theory with the Discrete Event System (DES) were used to solve production-related problems. SLMI analysis produces eigenvalues that represent the optimum production time. The results obtained the max-plus algebra model of \(x(k+1)=\bar{A} \otimes x(k)\), where \(\bar{A}=A\oplus B\otimes C \) and \(y=K\otimes x_0 \oplus H\otimes u \) for input-output SLMI analysis. From the matrix \(\bar{A}\) eigenvalue \(\lambda= 226\) and eigenvector \(v=[278\ 278\ 278 279\ 299\ 302\ 324\ 356\ 488]\) were obtained. Furthermore, the value of \(\lambda\) describes the pia production schedule at a time span of 226 minutes. Keywords: Max-Plus Algebra, Input-Output Analysis, Invariant Max-Plus Linear System, Optimal Time Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sunarwin Ismail)

185	Mathematics	ABS-299
A Study Of Applied Reduced Differential Transform Method Using Volterra Integral Equations In Solving Partial Differential Equations Nguyen Minh Tuan King Mongkut^s University of Technology North Bangkok Thailand Abstract Nowadays, integration is one of the trending fields applied in calculus, especially in partial differential equations. Researchers are trying to support useful utilities to solve partial differential equations in many kinds of methods. In this paper, we perform an application of Volterra Integral Equations in reduced differential transform method (we call VIE-RDTM) to find the approximate solutions of partial differential equations. Using the method is to perform the combination of derivative and integration. The aim is to find the approximate solutions approach to the exact solutions with more general forms. We also extend some new results for basic functions and compare the solutions using the reduced differential transform method and VIE-RDTM by depicting the approximate solutions in some partial differential equations. The results showed that the VIE-RDTM method gets state-of-the-art general form of the solutions when the errors approach to zero. Keywords: RDTM, VIE-RDTM, integration, derivative, equation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tuan Nguyen Minh)

186	Mathematics	ABS-325
Parameter Estimation and Hypothesis Testing on Bivariate Log Normal Regression Models Kadek Budinirmala (a*), Purhadi (a), Achmad Choiruddin (a) a) Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia *budinirmala11[at]gmail.com Abstract The aims of this study is to introduce a bivariate Log-normal regression model and to develop technique for parameter estimation and hypothesis testing. We term the model Bivariate Log-Normal Regression (BLNR). The estimation procedure is conducted by the standard Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) employing Newton-Raphson method. To perform hypothesis testing, we adapt the Maximum Likelihood Ratio Test (MLRT) for simultaneous testing with test statistics \(G^{2}\) which, for large n, follows Chi-square distribution with degrees of freedom p. In addition, the partial testing is derived from a central limit theorem which results in a Z-test statistic. Keywords: BLNR- MLE- MLRT- Log-normal Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Kadek Budinirmala)

187	Mathematics	ABS-344
Parameters Estimation and Hypothesis Testing of Geographically and Temporally Weighted Bivariate Negative Binomial Regression Christin Ningrum (a*), Purhadi (b), Sutikno (c) (a-c) 12Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Arief Rahman Hakim Street, Surabaya 60111 Indonesia *salsabila.bj[at]gmail.com Abstract When the response variable is discrete as a number (count) and there is a violation of the assumption of equidispersion, namely overdispersion or underdispersion then one of the appropriate alternative models used is Negative Binomial Regression (NBR). Moreover, if there are two correlated response variables and have an equidispersion violation, the Bivariate Negative Binomial Regression (BNBR) model is the solution. However, the BNBR model is considered inappropriate if the data contains spatial and temporal heterogeneity derived from panel data with the unit of observation in the form of a region. Therefore, a model is offered which is known as Geographically and Temporally Weighted Bivariate Negative Binomial Regression (GTWBNBR) which accommodates spatial and temporal effects. This study aims to conduct parameter estimates and test statistics for the GTWBNBR model. Estimated parameters use Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) with BHHH numerical iteration because the MLE estimates are not closed-form. When the sample size is large, the Maximum Likelihood Ratio Test (MLRT) is used for simultaneous parameter testing while the test statistic for partial parameter testing approaches the Chi-Square distribution so that it can be tested using the Z-Test Keywords: GTWBNBR, MLE, MLRT, Negative Binomial Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (christin ningrum)

188	Mathematics	ABS-349
TRAFFIC GENERATION IN SURAPATI GASIBU BANDUNG CITY Dadang Mohamad, Juang Akbardin, Muhammad Anelka Saiful Qashmal Civil Engineering Study Program, Department of Civil Engineering Education, Faculty of Technology and Vocational Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia Abstract Based on data from the Bandung City Central Statistics Agency in 2020, population growth increased by 0.49%. The use of private vehicles, certainly affects the growth of traffic movements, especially at the Surapati Gasibu Intersection, Bandung City. To find out the traffic flow that passes through Surapati Street, a study was carried out using a movement generation model. The generation model uses the multiple regression analysis methods with the generated variable being the number of vehicles (Y) and the variables that influence it are the population (X1), the number of domestic tourists (X2), and the value of gross regional domestic income (X3) in Bandung. The data was obtained through the publication of the Bandung City BPS from 2012 to 2021 (10 years). Using the Data Analyst feature in Microsoft Excel, the regression equation is found to be Y = -7,003,565.898 + 3.213 X1 + 0.142 X2 and the growth value of traffic movement is at 2.39%. Keywords: traffic generation, movement generation model, multiple regression analysis, intersection Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Anelka)

189	Mathematics	ABS-351
Parameter Estimation and Hypothesis Testing of Geographically and Temporally Weighted Bivariate Weibull Regression Muhammad Eka Prasetya1,a) , Purhadi1,b), and Sutikno1,c) 1 Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Arief Rahman Hakim Street, Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia a) muhekaprasetya17[at]gmail.com b) purhadi[at]statistika.its.ac.id c) sutikno[at]its.ac.id Abstract In global regression, there is an assumption in the form of an error from a normally distributed model, so data that is normally distributed is required. But in reality, not all of the tested data meet the normal distribution. One of the theoretical distributions of continuous random variables that is often used is the Weibull distribution, where the Weibull distribution is a distribution that is often used to analyze the reliability of an object. If there are two response variables that are correlated with each other, the appropriate method used is Bivariate Weibull Regression (BWR). Spatial data has been widely used in various research fields. The Geographically Weighted Bivariate Weibull Regression (GWBWR) model is a model in which there are spatial effects, where there is spatial heterogeneity in bivariate regression with the response variable being Weibull distribution. In addition, panel data has also been applied in various cases, where panel data can provide information covering more than one time period. This can lead to a temporal effect. This study develops a model that can handle cases of spatial and temporal heterogeneity simultaneously, namely the Geographically and Temporally Weighted Bivariate Weibull Regression (GTWBWR) model. The parameter estimation in the model uses the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method which gives results that are not closed-form, so it is continued with the Berndt-Hall-Hall-Hausman (BHHH) numerical iteration. Keywords: Weibull distribution- GTWBWR- MLE- BHHH- MLRT Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Eka Prasetya)

190	Mathematics	ABS-387
Analysis of Potential Development of Agro-Edu Tourism Based on Land Used Development Variables in Cipanas Dam Dwi Wahyu Wamenarno, Juang Akbardin, Johar Maknun Magister Architecture UPI Abstract One of the sectors that is progressing and is growing rapidly, especially in Indonesia today is tourism. Tourism has an important role in increasing the income of a region. In terms of employment, the tourism sector can also be a solution to reduce the unemployment problem which is currently rife in various parts of the country. In terms of cultural diversity and natural beauty, Indonesia can be one of the unique tourist destinations in this regard. This study aims to analyze the potential of developing agro-edu tourism based on the variables that encourage community empowerment based on the variables of land used development in the Cipanas dam area, so that it has a positive impact on the economy, especially the economy of the local community. The research method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. With a quantitative approach, which connects several variables that influence the study of Agro-Edu Tourism based on the results of the coefficients between variables from the resulting mathematical equation model. The results of the research on the potential of Agro-Edu Tourism in the Cipanas dam area were obtained with large coefficients from variables defined in several location spots, including by utilizing the edge of the dam as a pedestrian tracking path along the green belt in the form of trees- the development of a camping ground that can accommodate tourists to spend the night while still being able to enjoy the atmosphere of the outdoors on the edge of the lake- mango fruit agro-tourism area- The Tower of View in the Rest Area and the planned Cipanas Terrace area downstream of the dam. With significant model results based on determination test results above 0.75. So that the analysis of the mathematical model in this study is very compatible with the analysis of the capacity of the public space for Agro-Edu Tourism. Keywords: development variables land used, mathematical models, agro-edu tourism. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dwi Wahyu Wamenarno)

191	Mathematics	ABS-399
COVID-19 Death Risk in Surabaya: Modeling by Spatial Point Process Dora Isnaini Putri (1), Vanda Fitriyanah (1), Achmad Choiruddin(1,a), Jerry Dwi Trijoyo Purnomo(1) (1) Department of Statistics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) Surabaya Jl. Arief Rahman Hakim, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia (a)choiruddin[at]its.ac.id Abstract The total death rate or Case Fatality Rate (CFR) due to COVID-19 in Surabaya is high, that is almost twice of the global CFR (1.4%). Utilization of high-resolution data has the potential to explore COVID-19 cases, not only recording cases at the district or city level but also at the patient^s domicile level so that they can provide more detailed spatial information. Meanwhile, research exploring the risk of death from COVID-19, especially in Surabaya using spatial point process model, has not yet been carried out. In this study, an analysis of the risk of death from COVID-19 in Surabaya will be carried out using the inhomogeneous Poisson point process model with covariates or external factors used including the density of the COVID-19 referral hospital location and the proportion of confirmed COVID-19 population aged > 60 years per districts. Our model shows that referral hospitals (exp(b) = 1.03295) and places of worship (exp(b) = 1.03835) have a significant effect on death risk from COVID-19. So, there is a need for special handling for areas that have a population with a vulnerable age (> 60 years) where at this age the human immune system will decrease. Keywords: COVID-19, Spatial Point Process, Surabaya Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (DORA ISNAINI PUTRI)

192	Mathematics	ABS-168
Odd harmonis labeling of friendship graphs (f_{n,4})and graphs K(1,nC4) Maulina Puspitasari Pangestri and Purwanto Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jalan Semarang 5, Malang, 65145, Indonesia Abstract Let G be a finite graph having a vertex set v(G) and set edge set E(G), and |E(G)|=q. An odd harmonious labeling of G is an injection mapping f:V(G) \rightarrow {0,1,2,...,2q-1} such that f*:E(G)\rightarrow{1,3,5,...,2q-1}, where f*(uv)=f(u)+f(v), is a bijection. If a graph can be labeled an odd elegant labeling, then the graph is said to be odd harmonious. A generalized friendship graph f_{n,4} is a collection of n 4-cycles meeting at common vertex. A graphs K(1,nC4) is a graphs formed from t copies of the cycle graph C_{4}by joining all the copies to anew vertex by an edge. In this paper, we study odd harmonious labeling of (f_{n,4})and graphs K(1,nC4) Keywords: odd harmonious, friendship graph and graphs K_{1,n}^{4} Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Maulina Puspitasari Pangestri)

193	Mathematics	ABS-180
Generalization of Goursat^s Theorem for Subrings of Direct Products of n Rings M. S. Lieko (a), H. Susanto (a*), I. M. Sulandra (a) a) Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jalan Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia. *hery.susanto.fmipa[at]um.ac.id Abstract Bauer, Sen, and Zvengrowski describe Goursat^s Theorem, representing the subgroup characteristics of a direct product of two or more groups. This article discusses its expansion into a ring structure that describes the subring of the direct product of n ring. Keywords: Goursat, Asymmetric, Subring, Direct product Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhsang Sudadama Lieko Liedokto)

194	Mathematics	ABS-443
ANALYSIS OF NUMBER OF VEHICLE GROWTH ON TRAFFIC VOLUME ON JALAN RAYA CAGAK Muhammad Dzaka Hanif Santosa, Dr. T. Ir. Juang Akbardin, S.T., M.T., IPM.1, Ir. H. Dadang Mohamad, MSCE., Ph.D,2 Departement of Civil Engineering Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia Abstract Jalan Raya Cagak is a provincial route and it is one of the roads leading to Bandung , Subang, and Sumedang. There are several factors that lead to an increase in the number of vehicles, namely population growth, tourists, and GRDP. Because of that, it causes some transportation problems, and one of those is congestion. This study aims to model the generation of the number of vehicles on the traffic volume on Jalan Raya Cagak in 2050. The method used in this research is simple and multiple regression, and the result of growth in the number of vehicles in 2050 is 1,296,491 vehicles, and to analyze traffic volume growth on Jalan Raya Cagak, this research use geometric method and the result of traffic volume growth in 2050 is 5892 vehicles/hour. Keywords: generation, number of vehicle, traffic volume. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Dzaka Hanif Santosa)

195	Mathematics	ABS-471
Strong Rainbow Connection Number Of Prism Graphs Having Pendant Edges Moh Ilham Nardiansyah and Purwanto Mathematics Department, Malang State of University, Semarang Street 5, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia Abstract Abstract. Let G be a finite and simple graph having a vertex set V(G) and an edge set E(G). When u,v \in V(G), the distance of u and v is denoted by d(u,v). A rainbow u-v geodesic in G is an u-v paths of length d(u,v) and all its edges are colored by different colors. If there exist a rainbow u-v geodesic for every pair of distinct vertices u,v \in V(G), then G is called strongly rainbow connected graph. The smallest number of colors needed to make G strongly rainbow connected is strong rainbow connection number of G, Its admits by src(G). A prism C_{m}xP_{2} is the cartesian product of a cycle C_{m} and a path P_{2}. A prism graph having t pendant edges. denoted by [C_{m}xP_{2}]^{t}, is a graph obtained by attaching at least one pendant to each vertex of in the prism. In this paper we study the strong rainbow connection number of [C_{m}xP_{2}]^{t} Keywords: Strong rainbow connection - prism - pendant Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Moh Ilham Nardiansyah)

196	Mathematics	ABS-479
KAJIAN DESIGN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT PADA RUNWAY BANDAR UDARA PERINTIS FRANS KAISIEPO DENGAN PENGEMABNGAN AC/WC MATERIAL KARET Farras Muhammad Naufal, Dr. T. Ir. Juang Akbardin, S.T., M.T., IPM.1, Ir. H. Dadang Mohamad, MSCE., Ph.D,2 Program Studi Teknik Sipil, Departemen Pendidikan Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Penddikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract Frans Kaisiepo International Airport is an airport located in the city of Biak. Until now, air transportation has become one of the main options for visiting this city, so the departure and arrival of aircraft at this airport has increased even greater than the previous pavement design. This study aims to model the rise of the number of tourists to the volume of annual departures at Frans Kaisiepo Biak Airport in 2050. The method used to model the rise of the number of tourists is the number of tourists is a simple and multiple regression analysis with the results of the number of tourists in 2050 is 60,856 tourists and to analyse the growth number of annual departures using the growth rate method with the results of the volume of aircraft annual departures in 2050 is 3203 departure per year. Keywords: generation- number of tourists- departure. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Farras Naufal)

197	Mathematics	ABS-498
APPLICATION OF SOBEL TEST IN DETECTION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MEDIATION VARIABLES IN PATH ANALYSIS MODEL (A study of the effects of exogenous demographics on Islamic financial literacy through mediation of religiosity) Lisana Sumarah Pratignyo (a) Soekardi Hadi Prabowo (b) Lisana Sumarah Pratignyo (a) Soekardi Hadi Prabowo (b) (a) Lecturer of the Mathematics Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, As-Syafi^iyah Islamic University, Jakarta (b) Lecturer of the Mathematics Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, As-Syafi^iyah Islamic University, Jakarta Abstract Abstract. This study aims to detect the effectiveness of the mediating variable religiosity on the effect of exogenous demographics on Islamic financial literacy. The detection process uses the Sobel t-mediation test. The research population of the Bank^s community of respondents and the selection of Bank^s customers used purposive and accidental sampling techniques, while the determination of sample size used the Lemeshaw formula. The focus of the study in this paper is only to detect the effectiveness of the mediating variable using the t-test statistic proposed by Sobel, for the estimated value of the parameter value of the latent path coefficient of the structural model variable or Path analysis on SEM_PLS. All evaluation processes, both measurement and structural models. shows the results meet the criteria so that the overall indicators of the three variables deserve to be used as latent constructs. Meanwhile, in testing the hypothesis of individual latent demographic path coefficients on religiosity and latent religiosity in Islamic financial literacy, both showed significant results. Furthermore, according to the research objectives, related to the mediation effect based on the application of the Sobel t-mediation test, the results showed that the latent variable of Islamic Financial Literacy effectively mediates the effect of exogenous demographics on endogenous Islamic Financial Literacy. Keywords: Keywords: Demography, Religiosity, Islamic Financial Literacy, PLS, mediation effect Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Lisana Sumarah Pratignyo)

198	Mathematics	ABS-509
Clustering Image with KL Divergence Husty Serviana Husain a) Sapto Wahyu Indratno b) a) School of Mathematics, Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia and Indonesia University of Education. b) School of Mathematics, Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132 Abstract Grouping divides a population or data point into several groups so that data points in the same group are more similar to other data points in the same group than those in other groups. In simple words, the goal is to separate groups of the exact nature and assign them into groups. In this paper, image clustering will be done using K-means but for the distance between the distribution functions of each image and looking for the minimum distance value from each distribution function, and grouping based on that value. This paper will determine two formulas, namely Kullback-Leibler divergence and Jensen-Shannon divergence, to compare accuracy. In comparison, the distribution function is based on pixel distribution Keywords: Clustering, KL divergence, K-means, Jensen-Shannon Divergence Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Husty Serviana Husain)

199	Mathematics	ABS-255
Implementing time series cross validation to evaluate the forecasting model performance Winita Sulandari(a*), Yudho Yudhanto(b), Sri Subanti(a), Etik Zukhronah(a), Muhammad Zidni Subarkah(a) a) Study program of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret *winita[at]mipa.uns.ac.id b) Informatics Engineering, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret Abstract Theoretically, forecast error increases as the forecast horizon increases. This study aims to assess whether the statement is generally accepted or not. This study applies time series cross validation to evaluate forecasting results up to 7 steps ahead. As an illustration, we use Malaysia^s hourly electricity load data. Each hour is considered a series of each, so there are 24 daily series. Time series cross-validation with a 334 window was applied to twenty-four data series, and then each daily series was modeled with the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Neural Network Autoregressive (NNAR), ExponenTial Smoothing (ETS), Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA), and General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) models. In terms of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) from 1 to 7 steps ahead, we then evaluate the performance of all models. The experimental results show that the MAPEs obtained from the GRNN model tend to increase along with the theory. However, MAPEs obtained from ETS increase by up to three steps ahead and decrease after that. Among the five models, ARIMA, NNAR, and SSA produce a reasonably stable MAPE value for 1 to 7 steps ahead. However, SSA has the most stable error value compared to ARIMA and NNAR. Keywords: time series, cross validation, MAPE Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Winita Sulandari)

200	Mathematics Education	ABS-2
Improving Mathematics Reasoning Ability of Junior High School Students Using The Learning Star With a Questions Model Asri Ode Samura, Alfian, Mubin Noho Institut Agama Islam Negeri Ternate Abstract This study examines the differences in increasing mathematical reasoning abilities using the Learning start with a question learning model and conventional learning. The research method is quantitative by way of experimental pretest-posttest control group design, which extends the one-group pretest-posttest design in two ways: a second group is added, called the comparison or control group- samples were placed randomly in each group of 83 people. The instrument used is an essay test- the questions are set in the form of mathematical reasoning abilities. Data were analyzed using inferential statistics with an independent sample t-test. The research results obtained are: The application of the LSQ learning model, most students, can solve mathematical reasoning questions correctly. The average score of students who follow the LSQ learning model is higher than the average value of students who take conventional learning- The results of the t-test explained that students who studied using the LSQ model and students who used conventional learning had significantly different improvements in their mathematical reasoning abilities. Students who learn to use the LSQ model increase their reasoning abilities higher than students who study using the conventional model. Keywords: Mathematical Reasoning Ability, Learning Model start with a question. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Asri Ode Samura)

201	Mathematics Education	ABS-259
Knowing Students^ Mistakes in Solving Statistics Problem To Make Precise Solutions Iffa Hanifah Rahman (a), Aan Hasanah (b) (a) Department of Mathematics Education, School of Postgraduate Studies, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia *iffahanifahrahman[at]upi.edu (b) Department of Mathematics Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract Statistics in education will be increasingly important in the 21st century. Teaching of statistics is also currently increasing substantially in various countries, so students are considered necessary to understand statistical material well. However, there are still many students who have difficulty solving statistical problems, especially because learning is done online, so it is necessary to know the causal factors. This study uses descriptive qualitative research to identify the types of student errors based on Newman^s theory. The subjects in this study were students of class IX SMP. Data collection techniques using test questions and interviews. The results of this study indicate that students have various types of errors in solving statistical problems. The cause of this error is because students are bored during learning so they cannot understand the material well, do not read the questions well, cannot determine the solution if the questions are in the form of stories, are accustomed to working on the same problems with examples and do not memorize formulas. By knowing the errors and factors causing the students, the next solution can be made more focused so that learning is more effective and there is an acceleration in learning. Keywords: Students^ Mistakes, Statistics, Teori Newman Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Iffa Hanifah Rahman)

202	Mathematics Education	ABS-263
Metacognitive Ability of Equivalence Program Students in Solving Mathematical Problems Peni Fauziah Puadah, Elah Nurlaelah UPI Abstract Metacognition is one of the abilities that can support the success of a student in solving learning problems, including in learning mathematics. Metacognition and problem solving have a strong relationship. Metacognition as knowledge of one^s cognition becomes a student^s support in solving mathematical problems. But unfortunately not all students are facilitated in learning how to use their metacognitive abilities to solve math problems, one of them is students in non-formal schools or in Indonesia known as the equivalence program. Therefore, the researchers wanted to see how the metacognitive abilities of students in these non-formal schools in solving mathematical problems in the modules they learned during the learning process. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, with research instruments consisting of problem-solving questions contained in the equivalence program e-module, interviews and also a metacognition questionnaire. Keywords: Metacognition, Mathematical Problem, Equivalence Program Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Peni Fauziah Puadah)

203	Mathematics Education	ABS-264
Misconceptions on Integers Addition and Substraction At Fifth Grade During The Pandemic Agung Purnama Sidik (a*) 1)Program Studi Pendidikan Dasar, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia a)agungpurnamasidik[at]upi.edu Abstract This study aims to analyze the types of misconception of integers addition and substraction at 5th during the pandemic. This study used qualitative research method. Data were collected from 30 grade five student. The instruments are test of integers addition and substraction, interview with teacher and student. The answers of the test are analyzed and then grouped into several categories based on the result of combination of test and interview answers. The result showed that there are five categories of addition misconceptions and there are five categories of substraction misconception during the pandemic. Keywords: misconceptions, addition, substraction, integers, math. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Agung Purnama Sidik)

204	Mathematics Education	ABS-266
Augmented Reality as a Media of Mathematics Learning in the Post Covid-19 Pandemic Muhammad Rifqi Mahmud(a*), Yayan Carlian (a), Kartika Tri Utami (a) Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Universitas Islam Negeri Bandung. Jalan Seokarno Hatta, Cimincrang, Gedebage Bandung 46294 , Indonesia *m.rifqi.mahmud[at]uinsgd.ac.id Abstract In this era the development of technology is going quite fast. Smart phone are common to use in every element in society. This happened as an impact of the Covid-19 pandemic that made all society activities online or usually we called work from home which is cannot be separated from using gadgets. The advancement of technology has affected every aspect of human life one of there is in education aspect that should be able to adjust with the developtment of technology. The new innovation in educational aspect is learning media that should be done. This research uses research and development methods that aim to create Augmented Reality learning media in elementary school at second-grade mathematics subjects in space shape lesson so that they know how the design of Augmented Reality media that want to be developed and know the development of Augmented Reality learning media. As for the result of this research are states that the Augmented Reality learning media that is developed is worthy and good in both material and media aspects as the solution for today^s learning innovation especially for mathematics subjects in space shape lessons. Keywords: Augmented Reality- Learning Media- Mathematics Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Rifqi Mahmud)

205	Mathematics Education	ABS-522
Relationship between mathematical problem solving ability and self-regulated learning of high school students Riska Nur Aini (a*), Bambang Avip Priatna Martadiputra (b), Rineka Rosinansis (c) Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Education, University Pendidikan Indonesia Abstract Mathematical problem solving ability is one of the standards of mathematical ability and higher-order thinking skills. Therefore, students need to have mathematical problem solving skills. But in fact, the results of the 2018 PISA survey found that the problem-solving abilities of Indonesian students are still relatively low, this is also supported by several studies. Efforts to improve mathematical problem solving abilities are continuously being carried out by the government through curriculum development. The results of the study aimed to determine the relationship between students mathematical problem solving abilities and high school students self-regulated learning. This study uses a correlation test with a sample of 30 students of class XI in one high school in the city of Bandung. Data on students problem solving abilities were obtained by using tests Keywords: Relationship, Problem solving skill, Blended learning Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Riska Nur Aini)

206	Mathematics Education	ABS-11
Bibliometric Review of Term Computational Thinking and Mathematics Education Research Scopus Database, 2014 to 2022 Edi Supriyadi, Jarnawi Afgani Dahlan Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No.229, Isola, Kec. Sukasari, Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat 40154 *edisupriyadi[at]upi.edu Abstract The In recent years, computational thinking has grown essential in many countries of the world. In this study, bibliometric analysis was used to locate scientific results with the phrases ^Computational Thinking^ and ^Mathematical Education^ around the world, which were indexed in the Scopus database for the period 2014-2022. A total of 60 papers were obtained from the Scopus database for analysis. Our key findings reveal that research trends in this domain have showed a substantial growth in scientific productivity in the last three years. This paper finds that contemporary research on Computational Thinking and Mathematics Education is related to programming, constructionism, and STEM. Keywords: Computational Thinking, ICT, Mathematics Education Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Edi Supriyadi)

207	Mathematics Education	ABS-524
An Exploration of High School Students^ Errors in Solving Trigonometry Problems Nurdiyah Kurniati (a*), Nanang Priatna (b) a,b) Departemen Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setia Budhi No. 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia Abstract Trigonometry plays an important role in the field of mathematics education, but in fact, some errors are identified. Therefore, this study aims to explore the students^ errors in solving trigonometry problems, especially in the sub-topics of trigonometric ratios. This is a qualitative study using a case study design. The subjects of this study were 35 students in grade 10 in one of the senior high schools in a district located in the Province of East Kalimantan. The research instruments were 1) a diagnostic test consisting of five essay problems about trigonometric ratios- 2) observation sheets- and 3) interview guidelines. The data was analyzed through three processes. They were: 1) data reduction, 2) data presentation, and 3) conclusion drawing or verification. The results show that the subjects made errors in solving trigonometric ratio problems, with the most errors made by subjects being errors in understanding concepts and writing algorithms. The causes of students making errors are due to the weak understanding of students^ concepts, lack of student mastery of the prerequisite topics, the problems given being less varied, and students being in a hurry to solve problems. Keywords: Error, Solving, Problem, Trigonometry, Trigonometric ratio Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurdiyah Kurniati)

208	Mathematics Education	ABS-271
TREND OF RESULTS ON LEARNING OBSTACLE RESEARCH ON ALGEBRAIC MATERIAL IN THE LAST TEN YEARS Ade Riastuti (a*), Dadang Juandi (b), Didi Suryadi (c) Faculty of Mathematics and Education, FPMIPA UPI Jl.Dr.Setiabudhi No.229 Bandung, West Java, Indonesia (40154) *aderiastuti.1995[at]gmail.com Abstract Students difficulties in learning mathematics are still often found, especially in the concept of algebraic operations, these difficulties being one of the factors of learning obstacles. The learning obstacle is seen from the aspect of ontogenic obstacle, epistemological obstacle, didactical obstacle. Therefore, it is important to conduct a study that examines learning barriers to the concept of algebraic operations in order to minimize student errors in the concept of algebraic operations. The method used is descriptive method. The data collection technique used a systematic literature review (structured article review). Based on the results of research obtained from 25 journals, that students experience ontogenic obstacles, epistemological obstacles, and didactical obstacles in the concept of algebraic operations, especially in subtraction, multiplication and division, as shown in the table from the results of a systematic literature review. Keywords: learning obstacle, ontogenic obstacle, epistemological obstacle, didactical obstacle, algebraic operation. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ade Riastuti)

209	Mathematics Education	ABS-17
DESIGNING MATHEMATICAL MODELING INSTRUCTION USING WATER FAUCET DAMAGE CONTEXT Bambang Riyanto SMKN 1 Sungai Menang, Ogan Komering Ilir, Sumatera Selatan Abstract The purpose of this research is to produce practical mathematical modeling problems/tasks using the context of Water faucet damage for learning mathematics. This study used development research that produced mathematical modeling task using Water faucet damage that was practical for learning mathematics. The approach in this research was Design Research, i.e development studies type which consist of preliminary, prototyping, and assesssment. The assessment used in prototyping phase was formatif study, including self-evaluation phase, expert review phase and one-to-one phase, small group and field test. In this article, the result discussion is on small group phase. Data collected was done by doccumented and interview. Based on the result of data analysis, researcher can be concluded that this research has produced mathematical modeling tasks using Water faucet damage context for learning mathematics at development phase which was practical for learning mathematics Keywords: Designing, Modeling Instruction, Water Faucet Damage Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Bambang Riyanto)

210	Mathematics Education	ABS-277
Prospective Mathematics Teachers^ Perception on Virtual Learning Assisted by Computer Algebra System Aditya Prihandhika (a,b*), Didi Suryadi (c), Sufyani Prabawanto (c) a) Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Islam Al-Ihya Kuningan, Jalan Mayasih 11, Kuningan 45552, Indonesia *adityaprihandhika[at]upi.edu b) Department of Mathematics Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia c) Department of Mathematics Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi 229, Bandung 40154, Indonesia Abstract The aims of this study were to conduct a review of the perceptions of student mathematics teacher candidates towards virtual learning assisted by the Computer Algebra System (CAS) using GeoGebra related to basic conceptual derivative material during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a qualitative method with a case study approach to three respondents from a university in West Java. The research data were obtained from a questionnaire and interviews. The results of the research conducted showed that all respondents gave good perceptions about the use of GeoGebra Applet in virtual learning. Respondents are able to better interpret understanding in learning the basic concepts of derivatives based on the displayed geometric representations. In addition, respondents considered that the Computer Algebra System (CAS) was very relevant to be used in virtual learning as a form of adaptation to new habits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Keywords: Perception- Derivative concept- Virtual learning- Computer algebra system Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Aditya Prihandhika)

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